Farzaneh Razavi
Abstract
Global warming exacerbates rainfall irregularity and causes a decline in water resources. Drought is one of the main limiting parameters in agricultural and fruit production. In this study, we established a standard method for measuring drought tolerance in Fragaria , the simplest genomic model in the ...
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Global warming exacerbates rainfall irregularity and causes a decline in water resources. Drought is one of the main limiting parameters in agricultural and fruit production. In this study, we established a standard method for measuring drought tolerance in Fragaria , the simplest genomic model in the Rosaceae, a plant family comprising important fruit species like almonds, apples, plums, etc. A quick screening method for monitoring Fragaria genotypes in response to dehydration involved conducting a short-term water deficit experiment. We measured two eco-physiological parameters associated with leaf water status, leaf relative water content (RWC), and leaf water loss rate (WLR) in a total of 20 strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) from different breeding programs. The plants included two ecotypes of the European diploid species, F. vesca, and one American octaploid species, F. chiloensis. Fragaria genotypes responded to drought stress, as measured by WLR and RWC, and DNA fingerprints further described select Fragaria genotypes using AFLP and candidate gene EST markers. We revealed correlations among specific DNA markers, leaf WLR, and RWC while navigating the possibility of using association mapping in a small set of Fagaria accessions. The ultimate aim was to create a set of correlated markers to the physiological drought-involved traits in Fragaria. Using F. vesca extensively as a characterized Rosaceae mod e-l plant species in this study can ensure the benefits of drought charact e-rization and plant-based responses in other important Rosaceae fruit species.
Shima Alaei; Nasser Mahna
Abstract
Glycine betaine (GB) plays a crucial role in plants and in their response to abiotic stress. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the application of glycine betaine (GB) and its ability to alleviate the effects of salinity stress (SS) on fruit yield and ion accumulation in strawberry (Fragaria × ...
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Glycine betaine (GB) plays a crucial role in plants and in their response to abiotic stress. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the application of glycine betaine (GB) and its ability to alleviate the effects of salinity stress (SS) on fruit yield and ion accumulation in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch cv. Paros). Three levels of SS (0, 20, and 40 mM NaCl) and GB (0, 5, 10 mM) were used on the plants in a greenhouse experiment. The results indicated that increasing the salinity level reduced the yield and altered the dynamism of ion accumulation. Leaf area, relative water content (RWC), leaf fresh weight, and yield decreased under salinity stress (36.7%, 9.2%, 28%, and 41%, respectively), especially at 40 mM NaCl. Under SS, there was an increase in Na content of the roots, fruits, and leaves (78%, 54%, and 78%, respectively) as well as in K content of the fruits (50%), but with a decrease in the K content of the leaves (29%) and the roots (25%), and P content of the leaves (55%). Overall, salinity increased the Na content, but reduced the K/Na ratio. Salinity and glycine betaine interactions had a significant effect on the Na content of the roots and leaves, the K content in the leaves, and K/Na ratio in the leaves and roots. At 40 mM NaCl, using 10 mM GB reduced the leaf and root Na content by 22% and 30%, respectively. Although the application of exogenous GB on strawberry changed the pattern of ion accumulation, it was not effective in diminishing the adverse effects of salinity stress on strawberry plants cv. ‘Paros’.
Sahar Toupchizadeh Tabrizian; Jafar Hajilou; Sahebali Bolandnazar; Gholamreza Dehghan
Abstract
Strawberry is one of the most important commercial fruits. This research aimed to ameliorate the negative effects of water deficit stress using silicon application on strawberry. The experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three factors including cultivar (‘Selva’ ...
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Strawberry is one of the most important commercial fruits. This research aimed to ameliorate the negative effects of water deficit stress using silicon application on strawberry. The experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design with three factors including cultivar (‘Selva’ and ‘Gavioita’), Na2SiO3 (Sodium silicate) concentrations [0, 3, and 6 mM), as the source of silicon, and water deficit stress (40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of field capacity (FC)], in three replications. ‘Gavioita’ cultivar showed the highest superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in leaves under sever water deficit stress (40% of FC) following Na2SiO3 (3 and 6 mM concentrations) application. Application of Na2SiO3 at concentration of 6 mM increased the catalase enzyme activity significantly in the leaves of ‘Gavioita’cultivar under severe water deficit stress (40% of FC). The activity of peroxidase enzyme was enhanced considerably under 80% of FC and lower water deficit in the fruits of both cultivars. The fruit total anthocyanin level was increased significantly by application of Na2SiO3 at 3 and 6 mM concentrations under water deficit stress (60% of FC). Also, Na2SiO3 (at concentrations of 3 and 6 mM) enhanced the proline level significantly in ‘Gavioita’ cultivar compared to the control treatment under normal conditions (100% of FC). In conclusion, the results of present study indicated that application of Na2SiO3 at 6 mM concentration is useful treatment to cope with sever water deficit stress (40% of FC) especially in ‘Gavioita’ cultivar of strawbery
Parvaneh Mohammadi-Benaruiyeh; Gholam Reza Sharifi-Sirchi
Abstract
Concerning highly restricted application of chemicals in postharvest technology of horticultural crops, it is necessary to introduce the safe methods for preserving food or methods of food preservation. This study aimed to improve quality and prolong storage life of strawberry fruit by application of ...
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Concerning highly restricted application of chemicals in postharvest technology of horticultural crops, it is necessary to introduce the safe methods for preserving food or methods of food preservation. This study aimed to improve quality and prolong storage life of strawberry fruit by application of grape seed and fruit skin extracts and to compare them with calcium chloride as a chemical. In this study, strawberry fruit was individually immersed in the 1% and 2% CaCl2 solutions, seed and skin extracts (1 and 2 mg L-1) and then placed in polyethylene packaging for 24 d at 5±1 °C. Measurements of firmness, titrable acid, pH, weight loss, total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic, anthocyanin, vitamin C, enzymes' activity including catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase and decay were carried out at 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 d of storage. All applied treatments caused a significant effect on measured parameters including weight loss, titratable acidity, decay percentage and firmness, maintenance of anthocyanin and vitamin C contents, total phenolic, and antioxidant capacity. However, grape skin extract and grape seed extract showed the best results. Therefore, it can be concluded that Shiraz dark grape seed and skin extracts have the potential to control the decay incidence, prolong the storage life and preserve of postharvest valuable attributes of strawberry.
