Yousef Hakimi; Karim Arab Salmani
Abstract
Genetic variability in a crop population is essential for successful plant breeding. Fifteen cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genotypes were evaluated in the greenhouse under the warm condition to estimate the magnitude of their genetic variability and heritability as also morphological and pomological ...
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Genetic variability in a crop population is essential for successful plant breeding. Fifteen cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genotypes were evaluated in the greenhouse under the warm condition to estimate the magnitude of their genetic variability and heritability as also morphological and pomological characteristics. Genotypes were also classified in to five groups based on the performance and determination of the highest discriminating characteristic that accounted for more significant variability using cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The measured characteristics were cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus and fungal severity, off-type plant, stem, internode, leaf, petiole, fruit and fruit trail length, leaf width, male flower percentage, fruit color and groove, fruit diameter, fruit fresh weight, fruit dry matter and ash percentage, fruit pH, EC and TSS, fruit yield, and total fruit number. The IR4 and IR5 genotypes showed the highest fruit yield (460.85 and 425.86 kg/plot) and number (108.72 and 84.22 fruit/plant). IR11 had the highest fruit length of 16.60 cm. High broad-sense heritability was associated with all the traits except for cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus and fungal severity, fruit pH, and total fruit yield. Cluster analysis and its comparison of means showed that IR4 and IR5 from the fifth cluster expressed the best agronomic traits and yield potentials in the warm condition (40°C/32°Cday/night). Hence, selection for any characteristic would favor genotypes in these clusters. The PCA involved fruit dry matter and TSS as the most discriminating trait that accounted for more significant cucumber variability, which should be considered in cucumber improvement programs.
Shadab Panahi; Azizolah Khandan-Mirkohi; Gail Taylor; Seyed Alireza Salami
Abstract
In this study, we investigated important morphological traits of select populations of fiber Iranian hemp. The results of the analysis of variance showed significant diversity among the populations. Four of the eight genotypes showed large biomass suitable for use in the fiber industry. Kerman, Sirjan, ...
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In this study, we investigated important morphological traits of select populations of fiber Iranian hemp. The results of the analysis of variance showed significant diversity among the populations. Four of the eight genotypes showed large biomass suitable for use in the fiber industry. Kerman, Sirjan, Dezful, and Arak genotypes had the highest final height and the most prominent stem diameter. These populations also showed late flowering periods along with a short inflorescence length. Our classification study revealed that of the four high-fibrous candidates, three were classified in one group (Kerman, Sirjan, and Dezful), and the fourth one (Arak) was organized in the second group. The relationships among the traits showed a significant positive correlation between some characteristics, such as the final height, the footstalk diameter, and the number of days it takes for the first flower to appear. We also showed that there is a strong correlation between morphological traits and the geographical data of the genotypes. Our findings indicated that high elevation along with the low average annual temperature is suitable for the growth of medicinal cannabis, while warmer weather leads to taller plants with thicker stems andlate blooming periods, which are more relevant to be used in the fiber industry.
Forouzandeh Soltani; Moien Shajari; Giti Sadat Mirbehbahani; Mohammad Reza Bihamta
Abstract
Understanding genetic diversity and germplasm classification are the keys for selection of right parents for breeding purposes. In the present study, the genetic diversity and classification of 45 Iranian and 15 foreign melons were evaluated. A greenhouse experiment was laid out as a randomized completely ...
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Understanding genetic diversity and germplasm classification are the keys for selection of right parents for breeding purposes. In the present study, the genetic diversity and classification of 45 Iranian and 15 foreign melons were evaluated. A greenhouse experiment was laid out as a randomized completely block design with three replications and five plants in each replicates. Fruit number had a positive correlation with female flower numbers, fruit number, and fruit yield. The fruit number, however, correlated negatively with the leaf area. Genotypes with monoicous flowering habit produced female flowers in lower nodes and formed longer fruit. The number of the female flower, fruit number, yield, high total soluble solids (TSS), leaf area, the first node of female appearance, and flesh firmness were amongst the high weighted and more coefficient in the component analysis. For the breeding purpose, all accessions of cluster 4 were andromonoecious and obtained high TSS, leaf area, and flesh firmness. From the first three clusters, 11 accessions were monoecious, which belonged to TN-93-5, TN 92100, TN 921071, TN 922025 (Cluster1), FLTM 27, and FLTM35 (Cluster2), TN921026, TN-94-21, TN- 94-44, TN-94-28, and TN-94-3 (Cluster3). The characteristic of cluster 3 included melons with high female flower and fruit number and fewer number of the first node of female flower. In conclusion, good genetic resources and foreign types for selection are available for improving the breeding of melons based on the evaluated traits.
