Light-emitting diode (LED) lighting holds significant promise in agriculture, particularly for the production of secondary metabolites (SM). With features like high energy efficiency, long lifespan, and flexibility in application, LEDs are expected to outperform traditional lighting systems in enhancing SM production in the future. This study investigated the effects of LED lighting and glycine treatments on the production of tropane alkaloids in Hyoscyamus niger L. Starting at the transplant stage, plants were subjected to four light treatments (white, blue, red LEDs, and the control in greenhouse conditions) while glycine foliar spray was applied at three concentrations (0, 40, and 80 mg L-1) at 10-day intervals. Fourteen days after the final treatment, yield efficiency, tropane alkaloids, phenols, and flavonoids were evaluated. The highest total carbohydrate content was observed under red LED light combined with 80 mg L-1 of glycine. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assays revealed that both LED light and glycine positively influenced the accumulation of two key metabolites, scopolamine and atropine. The highest scopolamine concentration (22.61 mg g-1) and atropine levels were recorded under blue LED light combined with glycine at 40 and 80 mg L-1.
Heydarnajad Giglou, R. , Torabi Giglou, M. , Estaji, A. and Moradian, H. (2025). LED Lights and Glycine Promote Biomass, Leaf Color Changes, and Secondary Metabolites Accumulation in Hyoscyamus niger L.. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, (), 217-230. doi: 10.22059/ijhst.2024.373479.796
MLA
Heydarnajad Giglou, R. , , Torabi Giglou, M. , , Estaji, A. , and Moradian, H. . "LED Lights and Glycine Promote Biomass, Leaf Color Changes, and Secondary Metabolites Accumulation in Hyoscyamus niger L.", International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, , , 2025, 217-230. doi: 10.22059/ijhst.2024.373479.796
HARVARD
Heydarnajad Giglou, R., Torabi Giglou, M., Estaji, A., Moradian, H. (2025). 'LED Lights and Glycine Promote Biomass, Leaf Color Changes, and Secondary Metabolites Accumulation in Hyoscyamus niger L.', International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, (), pp. 217-230. doi: 10.22059/ijhst.2024.373479.796
CHICAGO
R. Heydarnajad Giglou , M. Torabi Giglou , A. Estaji and H. Moradian, "LED Lights and Glycine Promote Biomass, Leaf Color Changes, and Secondary Metabolites Accumulation in Hyoscyamus niger L.," International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, (2025): 217-230, doi: 10.22059/ijhst.2024.373479.796
VANCOUVER
Heydarnajad Giglou, R., Torabi Giglou, M., Estaji, A., Moradian, H. LED Lights and Glycine Promote Biomass, Leaf Color Changes, and Secondary Metabolites Accumulation in Hyoscyamus niger L.. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 2025; (): 217-230. doi: 10.22059/ijhst.2024.373479.796
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