Document Type : Research paper
Authors
1 Agronomy, Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
2 Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Iran
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of salicylic acid (SA) on seed germination of black bean plant under saline conditions, seeds were primed with salicylic acid (0, 2, 10, and 20 mM) and germinated under salt stress (0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl). The measured parameters included the percentage and rate of seed germination, seedling length and dry weight, malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide levels, and activity of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase in the seedlings. Results showed the values of germination indices decreased with increasing the level of salt stress. However, SA priming (10 mM) alleviated the harmful effects of salt stress in black bean. SA increased seed germination percentage by 72% and 45% at 50 and 100 mM NaCl respectively, compared to the control condition. Germination rate augmented by 33% (at 50 mM NaCl) and 60% (at 100 mM NaCl) by SA priming compared to the seeds exposed to salt stress alone. Seedlings dry weight (+ 51% at 50 mM and + 34% at 100 mM) and length (+ 57% at 50 mM and + 29% at 100 mM NaCl) were significantly higher by priming with 10 mM salicylic acid, compared to exclusively salt stress-treated seeds. SA priming increased antioxidant enzymes activities and decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide in salt stressed black bean seedlings. In conclusion, salicylic acid priming (particularly at 10 mM) enhances salt tolerance in black bean via lessening of oxidative stress.
Keywords
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5. Ashraf M, Akram N.A, Arteca R.N, Foolad M.R. 2010. The physiological, biochemical and molecular roles of brassinosteroids and salicylic acid in plant processes and salt tolerance. Critical Review in Plant Science 29,162-190.
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7. Bahrani A, Pourreza J. 2012. Gibberlic Acid and Salicylic Acid Effects on Seed Germination and Seedlings Growth of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Under Salt Stress Condition. World Applied Sciences Journal 18(5), 633-641.
8. Basra S.M.A, Farooq M, Rehman H, Saleem B.A. 2007. Improving the Germination and Early Seedling Growth in Melon (Cucumis melo L.) by Pre-sowing Salicylicate Treatments. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 9(4), 550-554.
9. Borsani O, Valpuestan V, Botella M.A. 2001. Evidence for a role of salicylic acid in the oxidative damage generated by NaCl and osmotic stress in Arabidopsis seedlings. Plant Physiology 126, 1024-1030.
10. Boukraâ D, Benabdelli K, Belabid L and Bennabi F. 2013. Effect of salinity on chickpea seed germination pre-treated with salicylic acid. Scientific Journal of Biological Sciences 2(4), 86-93.
11. Boursiac Y, Chen S, Luu D.T, Sorieul M, Dries N, Maurel C. 2005. Early effects of salinity on water transport in Arabidopsis roots: molecular and cellular features of aquaporin expression. Plant Physiology 139, 790-805.
12. Bradford M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantization of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein–dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72, 248-254.
13. Buchanan B.B, Balmer Y. 2005. Redox regulation: a broadening horizon. Annual Review of Plant Biology 56, 187-220.
Fatemeh Heidarian & Parto Roshandel Int. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 2021 8(2): 175-189
186
14. Bukhat S, Manzoor H, Zafar Z.U, Azeem F, Rasul S. 2020. Salicylic acid induced photosynthetic adaptability of Raphanus sativus to salt stress is associated with antioxidant capacity. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 39(2), 809-822.
15. Chachoyan A.A, Oganesyan G.B. 1996. Antitumor of some species of family Lamiaceae. Rastitel 32(4), 59-64.
16. Chang C, Wang B, Shi L, Li Y, Duo L, Zhang W. 2010. Alleviation of salt stress-induced inhibition of seed germination in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) by ethylene and glutamate. Journal of Plant Physiology 167(14), 1152-1156.
17. Chen D.H, Ye H.C, Li G.F. 2000. Expression of a chimeric farnesyldiphosphate synthase gene in Artemisia annua L. transgenic plants via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Plant Science 155, 179-185.
18. Dallali H, Maalej E.M, Boughanmi N.G, Haouala R. 2012. Salicylic acid priming in Hedysarum carnosum and Hedysarum coronarium reinforces NaCl tolerance at germination and the seedling growth stage. Australian Journal of Crop Science 6(3), 407-414.
19. Das K, Roychoudhury A. 2014. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and response of antioxidants as ROS-scavengers during environmental stress in plants. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2, 53-66.
20. Dolatabadian A, SanavyS, Chashmi N. 2008. The effects of foliar application of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) on antioxidant enzymes activities, lipid peroxidation and proline accumulation of canola (Brassica napus L.) under conditions of salt stress. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 194, 206-213.
21. Dong M, He X, Liu R.H. 2007. Phytochemicals of black bean seed coats: isolation, structure elucidation, and their antiproliferative and antioxidative activities. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 55(15), 6044-6051.
22. El Tayeb M.A. 2005. Response of barley grains to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation 45, 215-224. 23. El-Khallal S.M, Hathout T.A, Ahsour A.E, Kerrit A.A. 2009. Brassinolide and salicylic acid induced antioxidant enzymes, hormonal balance and protein profile of maize plants grown under salt stress. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences 5(4), 391-402.
24. El-Mergawi R.A, Abdel-Wahed M.S.A. 2004. Diversity in salicylic acid effects on growth criteria and different indol acetic acid forms among faba bean and maize. Egyptian Journal of Agronomy 26, 49-61.
25. Enteshari,M, Sharif-Zahed F, Zare S, Farhangfar M, Dashtaki M. 2012. Effects of seed priming on mung bean (Vigna radiate) cultivars with salicylic acid and potassium nitrate under salinity stress. International Journal of Agricultural Research and Reviews 2, 926-932.
26. Escobar H, Bustos R, Fernández F, Cárcamo H, Silva H, Frank N, Cardemil L. 2010. Mitigating effect of salicylic acid and nitrate on water relations and osmotic adjustment in maize, cv. Lluteño exposed to salinity. Cienciae Investigacion Agraria 37, 71-81. 27. Farhangi-Abriz S, Ghassemi-Golezani K. 2018. How can salicylic acid and jasmonic acid mitigate salt toxicity in soybean plants?. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 1 (147), 1010-1016.
28. Farooq M, Basra S.M.A, Rehman H, Hussain M, Amanat Y. 2007. Pre-sowing salicylicate seed treatments improve the germination and early seedling growth in fine rice. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 44(1), 1-8. 29. Gharoobi, B., Ghorbani, M, Ghasemi, N.M. 2012. Effects of different levels of osmotic potential on germination percentage and germination rate of barley, corn and canola. Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology 2(2), 413- 417.
30. Ghoohestani A, Gheisary H, Zahedi S.M, Dolatkhahi A. 2012. Effect of Seed Priming of Tomato with Salicylic Acid, Ascorbic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxideon Germination and Plantlet Growth in Saline Conditions. International journal of Agronomy and Plant Production 3(S), 700-704.
31. Guajardo-Flores D, Serna-Saldívar S.O, Gutiérrez-Uribe J.A. 2013. Evaluation of the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of extracted saponins and flavonols from germinated black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Food chemistry 141(2), 1497-1503.
32. Gunes A, Inal A, Alpaslan M, Eraslan F, Bagci E.G, Cicek N. 2007. Salicylic acid induced changes on some physiological parameters symptomatic for oxidative stress and mineral nutrition in maize (Zea mays L.) grown under salinity. Journal of Plant Physiology 164, 728-736.
Fatemeh Heidarian & Parto Roshandel Int. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 2021 8(2): 175-189
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