Document Type : Research paper

Authors

Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

Abstract

In the present study, the effect of seed priming with magnetic field (MF; 45, 90, 200 and 250
mT for 5, 10, 20 and 30 min) was evaluated in 60-day-old Hyssopus officinalis plants grown
under 8 days irrigation intervals. The assessments were consisted of biomass, membrane
stability, photosynthetic pigments concentrations, polyphenols content, antioxidant enzymes
activities and antioxidant capacity. In comparison with the exclusively water-stressed plants,
MF-priming significantly altered these parameters, particularly at 200 mT/5 min. At this
intensity, the level of biomass, total chlorophyll and polyphenols content increased by 2.2, 2.5
and 7.7 folds, respectively. Furthermore, electrolyte leakage and MDA content decreased by
35 and 33%. Reducing power, DPPH and superoxide anion scavenging activities highly
augmented by MF. MF-priming at 200 mT increased catalase (+92%) and ascorbate
peroxidase (+2.3 folds) activities. But, the highest activity of guaiacol peroxidase was
recorded for MF-primed H. officinalis at 90 mT. In conclusion, seed priming with MF
increases drought tolerance in H. officinalis through protection of cellular membrane integrity,
maintenance of photosynthetic pigments content and also alternation of antioxidant enzyme
activities. It also improves medicinal properties of the shoots via increasing polyphenols
concentration and antioxidant capacity.

Keywords

Aladjadjiyan A. 2002. Study of influence of magnetic field on some biological characteristics of Zea mays. Journal of Central European Agriculture 3(2), 89-94.
2. Aladjadjiyan A and Ylieva T. 2003. Influence of stationary magnetic field on the early stages of the development of Tobacco seeds. Journal of Central European Agriculture 4(2), 131-137.Aleman EI, Mbogholi A, Boix YF, Gonzalez-Ohnedo J and Chalfun A. 2014. Effects of EMFs on some biological parameters in coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) obtained by in vitro propagation. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 23, 95-101.Anand A, Nagarajan S, Verma A, Joshi D, Pathak and Bhardwaj J. 2012. Pre-treatment of seeds with static magnetic field ameliorates soil water stress in seedlings of maize (Zea mays L.). Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics 49, 63-70.
3. Azimian F and Roshandel P. 2015. Magnetic field effects on total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in Artemisia sieberi under salinity. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology 20(3), 264-270.
4. Bhardwaj J, Anand A and Nagarajan S. 2012. Biochemical and biophysical changes associated with magnetopriming in germinating cucumber seeds. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 57, 67-73.
162 Int. J. Hort. Sci. Technol; Vol. 7, No. 2; June 2020
5. Buchanan BB and Balmer Y. 2005. Redox regulation: a broadening horizon. Annual Review of Plant Biology 56: 187-220.
6. Campos PS, Quartin V, Ramalho JC and Nunes MA. 2003. Electrolyte leakage and lipid degradation account for cold sensitivity in leaves of Coffea sp. Plants. Journal of Plant Physiology 160, 283-292.
7. Çelik Ö, Büyükuslu N, Atak Ç and Rzakoulieva A. 2009. Effects of Magnetic Field on Activity of Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase in Glycine max (L.) Merr. Roots. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 18(2), 175-182.
8. Chen K and Arora R. 2013 Priming memory invokes seed stress-tolerance. Environmental and Experimental Botany 94, 33-45.
9. Chen DH, Ye HC and Li GF. 2000. Expression of a chimeric farnesyldiphosphate synthase gene in Artemisia annua L. transgenic plants via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Plant Science 155, 179-185.
10. de Abreu IN and Mazzafera P. 2005. Effect of water and temperature stress on the content of active constituents of Hypericum brasiliense Choisy. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 43 (3), 241-248.
11. Flórez M, Carbonel, MV and Martınez E. 2007. Exposure of maize seeds to stationary magnetic fields: Effects on germination and early growth. Environmental and Experimental of Botany 59, 68-75.
12. Flórez M, Martınez E and Carbonell MV. 2010. Effect of magnetic field treatment on germination of medicinal plants Salvia officinalis L. and Calendula officinalis L. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 21 (1), 57-63.
13. Gill SS and Tuteja N. 2010. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 48, 909-930.
14. Haghighat N, Abdolmaleki P, Ghanati F, Behmanesh M and Payez A. 2014. Modification of catalase and MAPK in Vicia faba cultivated in soil with high natural radioactivity and treated with static magnetic field. Journal of Plant Physiology 171, 99-103.
15. Hossain MA, Bhattacharjee S, Armin SM, Qian P, Xin W, Li H, Burritt DJ, Fujita M and Tran LP. 2015. Hydrogen peroxide priming modulates abiotic oxidative stress tolerance: insights from ROS detoxification and scavenging. Frontiers in Plant Science 6, 1-19.
16. Hura T and Grzesiak S. 2008. Contents of Total Phenolics and Ferulic Acid, and PAL Activity during Water Potential Changes in Leaves of Maize Single-Cross Hybrids of Different Drought Tolerance. Journal of Agronomy of Crop Science 194, 104-112.
17. Javed N, Ashraf M, Akram NA and Al-Qurainy F. 2011. Alleviation of adverse effects of drought stress on growth and some potential physiological attributes in maize (Zea mays L.) by seed electromagnetic treatment. Photochemistry and Photobiology 87, 1354-1362.
18. Kato M and Shimizu S. 1985. Chlorophyll metabolism in higher plants. Plant Cell Physiology 26, 1291-1301.
19. Kavi PS. 1977. The effect of magnetic treatment of soybean seed on its moisture absorbing capacity. Scientific Culture 43, 405-406.
20. Khazaie HR, Nadjafi F and Bannayan M. 2008. Effect of irrigation frequency and planting density on herbage biomass and oil production of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis). Industrial Crop Production 27, 315-321.
21. Krishnaiah D, Sarbatly R and Nithyanandam D. 2010. A review of the antioxidant potential of medicinal plant species. Food and Bioproducts Processing 24 (4-5), 506-515.
22. Ksouri R, Megdiche W, Debez A, Falleh H, Grignon C and Abdelly C. 2007. Salinity effects on polyphenol content and antioxidant activities in leaves of halophyte Cakile maritime. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 45, 244-249.
23. Kumar M, Sirhindi G, Bhardwaj R, Kumar S and Jain G. 2010. Effect of exogenous H2O2 on antioxidant enzymes of Brassica juncea L. seedlings in relation to 24-epibrassinolide under chilling stress. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics 47(6), 378-382.
24. Kumaran A and Joel karunakaran R. 2007. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of an aqueous extract of Coleus aromaticus. Food Chemistry 97, 109-114.
25. Lichtenthaler H K and Buschmann C. 2001. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: Measurement and characterization by UV‐VIS spectroscopy. In: Current protocols in food analytical chemistry, F4.3.1-F4.3.8. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York.
26. Maffei ME. 2014. Magnetic field effects on plant growth, development, and evolution. Frontier in Plant Science 5, 445.
Alternation of Growth, Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Enzymes and Capacity by … 163
27. Martínez E, Carbonell MV, Flórez M, Amaya JM and Maqueda R. 2009a. Germination of tomato seeds (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) under magnetic field. Inter. Agrophysics 23, 45-49.
28. Nemat-Ala MM and Hassan NM. 2006. Changes of antioxidants levels in two maize lines following atrazine treatments. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 44, 202-210.
29. Novitskii YI, Novitskaya GV and Serdyukov YA. 2014. Lipid utilization in radish seedlings as affected by weak horizontal extremely low frequency magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics 35, 91-99.
30. Ozgur R, Uzilday B, Sekmen AH and Turkan I. 2013. Reactive oxygen species regulation and antioxidant defence in halophytes. Functional Plant Biology 40, 832-847.
31. Radhakrishnan,R and Ranjitha Kumari BD. 2013. Influence of pulsed magnetic field on soybean (Glycine max L.) seed germinate seedling growth and soil microbial population. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics (4), 312-317.
32. Radhakrishnan R, Leelapriya T and Kumari BD. 2012. Effects of pulsed magnetic field treatment of soybean seeds on calli growth, cell damage and biochemical changes under salt stress. Bioelectromagnetics 33(8), 670-681.
33. Reichling J, Schnitzler P, Suschke U and Saller R. 2009. Essential Oils of Aromatic Plants with Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, and Cytotoxic Properties –an Overview. Forsch Komplementmed 16, 79-90.
34. Roshandel P and Azimian F. 2015. Effects of Magnetic Field on Growth and Antioxidant Capacity of Artemisia aucheri in Normal or Saline Conditions. Biological Forum 7(2), 1095-1103.
35. Shine MB, Guruprasad KN and Anand A. 2012. Effect of stationary magnetic field strength of 150 and 200 mT on reactive oxygen species production in soybean. Bioelectromagnetics 33, 428-437.
36. Tawaha,K, Alali FQ, Gharaibeh M, Mohammad M and El-Elimat T. 2007. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of selected Jordanian plant species. Food Chemistry 1372-1378.
37. Thomas S, Anand A, Chinnusamy V, Dahuja A and Basu S. 2013. Magnetopriming circumvents the effect of salinity stress on germination in chickpea seeds. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 35 (12), 3401-3411.
38. Wahid A, Perveen M, Gelani S and Basra SM. 2007. Pretreatment of seed with H2O2 improves salt tolerance of wheat seedlings by alleviation of oxidative damage and expression of stress proteins. Journal of Plant Physiology 164(3), 283-294.