Effect of Cycocel and Uniconazole on Some Morphological and Biochemical Properties of Zinnia

Document Type : Research paper

Authors

Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

Abstract

One of the important objectives during the production cycle of ornamental plants is to regulate and control their growth. Hence, application of some plant growth regulators such as uniconazole (UN) and cycocel (CCC) is considered as an efficient method for reaching to this objective. To investigation the effect of uniconazole and cycocel on some morphological and biochemical characteristics of zinnia, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five replications. Application of UN (0, 5 and 10 mg L-1) and CCC (0, 1000 and 1500 mg L-1) as growth retardants, was considered as the first and their application method (leaf spraying and soil application) was considered as the second factor. The effect of growth retardants on plant height, Time of flowering, peroxidase activity, endogenous gibberellins and leaf area were significant. The lowest plant height was observed in soil application of 10 mg L-1 UN. The tallest plant was observed in the control treatment. Growth retardants had significant effects on endogenous gibberellins and leaf chlorophyll contents. Highest activity of peroxidase enzyme was detected in plants treated by 10 mg L-1 UN. The highest and lowest numbers of leaves (21.6 and 16.4 leaves, respectively) were counted in control and 5 mg L-1 UN, respectively. According to the obtained results, the use of growth retardants is recommended to reduce the height and improve the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of zinnia flower.

Keywords

References

1. AL-Khassawneh N.M, Karam N.S, Shibli R.A. 2006. Growth and flowering of black iris (Iris nigricans Dinsm.) following treatment with plant growth regulators. Scientia Horticulture 107, 187-193.
2. Barrett J.E. 2001. Mechanisms of action, In: M.L. Gaston (ed.). Tips on regulating growth of floriculture crops, Ball Publishing. Batavia 32-47.
3. Blanchard M, Lopez R, Runkle E. 2008. Comparing Plant Growth Regulators. Greenhouse Grower 13, 38-45.
4. Bosch E, Lorena Cuquel F, Bruzamarello Tognon, G. 2016. Physalis size reduction for potted ornamental plant use. Ciencia e Agro Tecnologia 40(5), 555-564.
5. Cowling W. 2010. The challenge of breeding canola hybrids- new opportunities for WA growers. Western Australian Pty Ltd, Agribusiness Crop.
6. Da Silva Wanderley CH, De Faria R.T, Ursi
Ventura M, Vendrame M. 2014. The effect of plant growth regulators on height control in potted Arundina graminifolia orchids (Growth regulators in Arundina graminifolia). Acta Scientiarum Agronomy 36(4), 489-494.
7. Demir S, Gursel Celikel F. 2018. The effects of ethephon foliar spray on plant height of Narcissus cv. ‘Ice Follies’. Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences 33, 184-190.
8. Dole H.C. 1999. Zinnias: Colorful, Butterfly-Approved. Butterfly Gardeners Quarterly. BGQ, PO Box 30931, Seattle, WA 98103.
9. Gopi R, Sridharan R, Somasundaram R.G.M, Alagu lakshmanan G.M, Panneerselvam R. 2005. Growth and Downloaded from photosynthetic characteristics as affected by triazoles in Amorphophallus campanulatus. General and Applied Plant Physiology l31, 171-180.
10. Ghanati F, Morita A, Yokota H. 2002. Induction of suberin and increase of liginin content by exess Boron in Tabacco cell. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 48(3), 357-364.
11. Heidari Z, Nazarideljou M, Rezaie Danesh Y, Khezrinejad N. 2016. Morphophysiological and Biochemical Responses of Zinnia elegans to Different Irrigation Regimes in Symbiosis with Glomus mosseae. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology 3(1), 19-32.
12. Hwang S.J, Lee Y.l, Sivanesan I, Jeong B.R. 2008. Growth control of kalanchoe cultivars Rako and Gold Strike by application of paclobutrazol and uniconazole as soaking treatment of cuttings. African Journal of Biotechnology 7(22), 4212-4218.
13. Koshioka M, Harda J, Noma M, Sassa T, Ogiama K, Taylor J.S, Rood S.B, Legge R.L, Pharis R.P. 1983. Reversed – phase C18 high performance liquid chromatography of acidic and conjugated gibbberellins. Journal of Chromatography A 256, 101-115.
14. Krug B.A, Whipker B.E, McCall I, Dole J.M. 2005. Comparison of Flurprimidol to Etephon, Paclobutrazol andUniconazole for Hyacinth Height Control. HortTechnology 15(4), 872-874.
15. Leul M, Zhou W.J. 1999. Alleviation of waterlogging damage in winter rape by uniconazole application: effects on enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, and membrane integrity. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 18, 9 –14.
Effect of Cycocel and Uniconazole on Some Morphological and Biochemical … 91
16. Megersa H.G, Lemma D.T, Banjawu D.T. 2018. Effects of Plant Growth Retardants and Pot Sizes on the Height of Potting Ornamental Plants: A Short Review. Journal Horticultura 5 (1), 1-5.
17. Nazarudin A. 2012. Plant growth retardants effect on growth and flowering of potted Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Journal of Tropical Plant Physiology 4, 29-40.
18. Olsen W.W, Andersen A.S. 1995. The influence of five growth retardants on growth and post production qualities of Osteospermum ecklonis cv. calypso. Scientia Horticultural 62, 263- 270.
19. Opik H, Rolfe S. 2005. The Physiology of Flowering Plants. Cambridge Univ. Press, 5: plant growth hormones 177-194.
20. Porra R.J, Thompson W.A, Kriedeman P.E. 1989. Determination of accurate. Extinction coefficients and simultaneous equations for assaying chlorophylls a and b extracted with for different solvents: verifications by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 975, 384–394.
21. Rabbi Angourani H, Mortazavi S.N, Rabiei V, Zangahani E. 2013. Effect of Cycocel and Naphthalene Acetic Acid on some Vegetative Characteristics and on Essential Oil Yield in Rose Scented Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L. cv Bourbon). Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science 44(2), 209-216.
22. Rossini pinto A.C, Rodrigues T.D, Leits I.C, Barbosa JC. 2005. Growth retardants on development and ornamental quality of potted Zinnia elegans ‘Liliput’. Scientia Agriculture 62, 337- 345.
23. Schluttenhofer C.M, Massa G.D, Mitchell C.A. 2011. Use of Uniconazole to Control Plant
Height for an Industrial/Pharmaceutical Maize Platform. Industrial Crops and Products 33(3), 720 –726.
24. Steinberg S.L, Zajicek J.M, McFarland M.J. 1991. Short-Term Effect of Uniconazole on the Water Relations and Growth of Ligustrum. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116(3), 460-464.
25. Srivastava L.M. 2002. Plant Growth and Development: Hormones and Environment. Chapter 7: Gibberellins. Science Direct 171-190.
26. Taiz L, Zeiger E. 2006. Plant Physiology. 4th edition. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers. Sunderland.
27. Yokota T. 1999. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plant Hormones Chapter 12-Brassinosteroids. New Comprehensive Biochemistry. Sience Direct 33: 277-293.
28. Tunc-Ozdemir M, Miller G, Song l, Kim J, Sodek A, Koussevitzky Sh, Narayan Misra A, Mittler R, Shintani D. 2009. Thiamin confers enhaced tolerance to oxidative stress in Arabidipsis. Plant Physiology 151, 421-432.
29. Warner R.M, Erwin, J.E. 2003. Effect of Plant Growth Retardants on Stem Elongation of Hibiscus Species. HortTechnology 13(2), 293- 296.
30. Zhang M, Liusheng D, Tian X, Zhongpei H, Jianmin L, Baomin W, Zhaohu L. 2007. Uniconazole-induced tolerance of soybean to water deficit stress in relation to changes in photosynthesis, hormones and antioxidant system. Journal of Plant Physiology 164, 709-717.
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
Volume 7, Issue 1
March 2020
Pages 81-91

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 20 July 2019
  • Revise Date: 30 November 2019
  • Accept Date: 30 November 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics