Antimicrobial and Physiological Effects of Silver and Silicon Nanoparticles on Vase Life of Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflora cv. Echo) Flowers

Document Type : Research paper

Authors

1 Department of Horticulture, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan, Iran.

2 Department of Horticulture, Giroft Branch, Islamic Azad University, Giroft, Iran.

3 Department of cellular and developmental botany, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

 Increasing quality and vase life of cut flowers play vital role in flower production industry. . Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflora cv. Echo) has short vase life and it has been revealed that ethylene directly affect the initiation and process of senescence of petals. In this study, the effects of Silver and silicon nanoparticles with four concentrations of 0, 10, 20 and 40 mg L-1 with 4% sucrose as a support solution were evaluated on post-harvest life of ‘Cinderella Lime’ Lisianthus. The morphological and physiological parameters such as microbial population, flower vase life, relative fresh weight, solution uptake, total chlorophyll, ethylene and total dissolved solids were measured. Results revealed that all treatments extended the flower vase life when compared to control. The most effective treatment was the Highest concentration of nanoparticles (40 mg L-1). The average vase life of flowers was about 5 days in control (without any nano particle treatments) however; it reached to  17 days in flowers treated by 40 mg L-1 of both nanoparticles. Relative fresh weight, solution uptake, total chlorophyll, and total dissolved solids were also increased in the treated flowers, especially at higher concentrations.  Microbial proliferations were not observed by application of both nanoparticles (Silver or Silicon) at 40 mg L-1 therefore this concentration was considered as the most effective level for both nanoparticles. Nano silver were more effective than silicon for reducing ethylene content. Overall the results suggest that silicon nanoparticle (40 mg L-1) is applicable  as antimicrobial compound in combination with silver nanoparticles (40 mg L-1) as ethylene signaling inhibitor to increase the vase life of Lisianthus flowers commercially.

Keywords

References

Alimoradi M, Jafararpour M, Golparvar A. 2013. Improving the keeping quality and vase life of cut Alstroemeria flowers by post-harvest nano silver treatments. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences 6)11(, 632-635.
Bhattacharjee S.K. 2005. Postharvest technology of flowers and ornamental plants. Pointer Publishers, Jaipur,Rajastan. 220.
Chamani A, Khalighi A, Mostofi Y, Kafi Y. 2006. The effects of T diazinon 1-methylcyclopropane, nitric acid, thiosulfate silver and ethylene on physicochemical traits of cut rose. PhD thesis, Horticulture department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Cooke J, Leishman M.R. 2011. Is plant ecology more siliceous than we realize? Trendsin Plant Sciences 16, 61- 68.
Epstein E. 1994. The anomaly of silicon in plant biology. Proceeding of the National Academy of Science. United States of America 91, ll-17.
Farrahi M, Khalighi A, Kholdbarin B, MashhadiAkbarboojar M, Eshghi S, Kavoosi B, Aboutalebi A. 2012. Morphological responses and vase life of Rosa hybrid cv. ‘Dolcvita’ to polyamines spray in hydroponic system. Annals of Biological Research 3(10), 4854-4859
Gunes A, Inal A, Bagci E.G, Coban S. 2007. Silicon mediated changes on some physiological and enzymatic parameters symptomatic of oxidative stress in barley grown in sodic-B toxic soil. Journal of Plant Physiology 164, 807-811.
Hatami M, Hatamzadeh A, Ghasemnezhad M, Ghorbanpour M. 2013. The comparison of antimicrobial effects of silver nanoparticles (SNP) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) to extend the vase life ،Red Ribbon’ cut rose flowers. Trakia Journal of Sciences 2, 144-151.
Hettiarachchi M.P, Balas J. 2005. Postharvest handling of cut Kniphofia (Kniphofia Uvaria Oken ‘Flamenco’) flowers. Acta Horticulturae 669, 359–366
Jowkar M.M. 2006. Water relations and microbial proliferation in vase solutions of Narcissus tazetta L. cv. ‘Shahla-e-Shiraz’ as affected by biocide compounds. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 81(4), 656-660.
Kazemi M, Asadiand M, Aghdasi S. 2012. Postharvest life of cut Lisianthus flowers as affected by silicon, malic acid and salicylic acid. Research Journal of Soil Biology 4(1), 15-20.
Liang Y, Chen Q, Liu Q, Zhang W, Ding R. 2003. Exogenous silicon (Si) increases antioxidant enzyme activity and reduces lipid peroxidation in roots of salt stressed barley (Hordeum vulgar L.). Plant Physiology 160, 1157-1164.
Liang Y, Zhang W, Chen Q, Liu Y, Ding R. 2006. Effect of exogenous silicon (Si) onH -ATPase activity, phospholipids and fluidity of plasma membrane in leaves of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Environmentaland Experimental Botany 57, 212-219.
Liao L.J, Lin Y.H, Huang K.L, Chen W.S, Cheng Y.M. 2000. Post harvest life of cut rose flowers as affected by silver thiosulfate and sucrose. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica 41(4), 299-303.
Liu J, He S, Zhang Z, Cao J, Lv P, He S, Cheng G, Joyce D. 2009a. Nano-silver pulse treatments inhibit stem-end bacteria on ‘Ruikou’gerberacutflowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology 54(1), 59-62.
Liu J, Zhang Z, Joyce D, He S, Cao J, Lv P. 2009b. Effects of postharvest nano-silver treatments on cut flowers. Acta Horticulturae 847, 245-250.
Lu P, Cao J, He S, Liu J, Li H, Cheng G, Ding Y, Joyce D. 2010. Nano-silver pulse treatments improve water relations of cut Rosa hybrid cv. Movie Star flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology 57, 196-202.
Ma J.F. 2003. Function of silicon in higher plants. Progress in molecular and subcellular biology 33, 127-147.
Monteiro J, Nell T, Barrett J. 2002. Effect of exogenous sucrose on carbohydrate levels, flower respiration longevity of potted miniature rose flowers during postproduction. Postharvest Biology and Technology 26, 977-982.
Meidner H. 1984. Class experiments in plant physiology. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data, London. 156.
Mitani N, Ma J.F. 2005. Uptake system of silicon in different plant species. Journal of Experimental Botany 56, 1255-1261.
Mutui T.M, Emangor V.E, Hutchinson M.J. 2006. The effect of giberlin 4+7 on vase life and flower quality of Alstomeria cut flower. Plant Growth Regulators 48, 207-214.
Nair R, Varghese S.H, Nair B.G, Maekawa T, Yoshida Y, Sakthi Kumar D. 2010. Nanoparticulate material delivery to plants. Plant Science 179, 154-163.
Nabigol A. 2013. Comparison of vase life, carbohydrate and ethylene production in different cultivars of cut rose flower. Journal of Greenhouse Culture Science and Technology 3 (12), 117-123.
Ohkawa K, Kasahara Y, Suh J. 1999. Mobility and effects on vase life of silver containing compounds in cut rose flowers. Horticultural Science 34, 112-113.
Serek M, Reid M.S. 1993. Anti- ethylene treatments for potted Schlumbergera truncata `White Christmas' -efficacy of inhibitors or ethylene action and biosynthesis. Horticultural Science 28, 1180-1181.
Shahid J.B. 2005. Extending the vase life of roses (Rosa hybrida) with different preservatives. International Journal Agriculture and Biology 7(1), 97- 99.
Silva J.A. 2003. The cut flower: Postharvest consideration. Journal of Biological Sciences 3(4), 406-442.
Singh A, Kumar J, Kumar P, 2008. Effects of plant growth regulators and sucrose on post-harvest physiology, membrane stability and vase life of cut flower of gladiolus. Plant Growth Regulator 55, 221-229.
Van Doorn W.G, Cruze P. 20000. Evidence for a wounding induced xylem oclussion in stems of cut Chrysanthemum flowers. Postharvest Biology and technology 19, 73-83.
Yoshida S, Ohinishi Y, Kitagishi K. 1962. Chemical forms, mobility and deposition of silicon in the rice plant. Soil ScienceandPlant Nutrition 8, 15-21.
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
Volume 4, Issue 1
June 2017
Pages 135-144

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 27 February 2017
  • Revise Date: 02 October 2017
  • Accept Date: 02 June 2017

Share

How to cite

Statistics