Comprehensive Microbial Study on Biocide Application as Vase Solution Preservatives for Cut ‘Cherry Brandy’ Rose Flower

Document Type : Research paper

Authors

1 Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.

2 Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.

3 Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design, College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

4 Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Disturbance in water relations is the major causes of vase life reduction and senescence in cut flowers This problem is mainly due to microorganism proliferation in the vase solution which leads to vascular occlusion and reduction in solution uptake by cut flowers. Therefore a comprehensive study was conducted to evaluate the biocidal effect of nano silver particles (NSP) and compare it with some previously applied biocides. Roses (cv. Cherry Brandy) were treated in a completely randomized design with: colloid of NSP, citric acid, aluminum sulfate, hydroxyquinoline citrate (HQC), calcium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), tap water, or sterilized distilled water as vase water or solution. Longest vase life was observed in flowers treated with nano silver particles, aluminum sulphate and citric acid, respectively. Nano silver particles, HQC and calcium hypochlorite were the most effective treatments in controlling microbial population followed by aluminum sulfate as the second effective treatment. Nano silver particles, HQC and calcium hypochlorite completely inhibited the microbial growth during the first six days of experiment. Moreover, aluminum sulfate retarded microbial growth, proliferation and growth rate more efficiently than others. Each treatment allowed proliferation of a specific microbe. In general, two yeasts, six fungi, and 26 bacterial colonies were isolated from different vase solutions. Among the isolated fungi, one isolate was Trichoderma harzianum and the five other were different strains of Fusarium solani. Identified bacterial isolates were Bacillus sp., Coccus spp., Streptomyces sp., Pectobacterium sp., Burkholderia sp., and Pseudomonas sp. Bacillus was the most wide spread microorganism in most treatments. Identified Bacillus sp. isolates were B. polymexa, B. subtilis, B. megaterium and B. circulans. Since nano silver significantly improved vase life and effectively controlled microbial proliferation in vase solution, our results suggest that nano silver application could be considered as a  biocidal preservative solution for rose cut flowers.

Keywords

References

Bleeksma H.C, Van Doorn W.G. 2003. Embolism in rose stems as a result of vascular occlusion by bacteria. Postharvest Biology and Technology 29, 334-340.
Carlson A.S, Dole J.M, Matthysse A.G, Hoffmann W.A, Kornegay J.L. 2015. Bacteria species and solution pH effect postharvest quality of cut Zinnia elegans. Scientia Horticulturae 194, 71-78.
Damunupola J.W, Joyce D.C. 2006. When is a vase solution biocide not, or not only, antimicrobial? Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science 77, 1-18.
Eason J.R, Ryan D.J, Pinkney T.T, O’ Donoghue E.M. 2002. Programmed cell death during flower senescence: Isolation and characterization of cysteine proteinases from Sandersonia aurantiaca. Functional Plant Biology 29, 1055-1064.
Hasanpoorasl M, Karimi H.A, Moosanejad S. 2014. Effects of essential oils, silver nanoparticles and some of the chemical compounds on vase life of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflora L.) cut flowers. International Journal of Horticultural Science 45(4), 449-460.
Hashemabadi D, Liavali M.H, Kaviani B, Mousavi M, Keyghobadi S, Zahiri S. 2014. Effect of nano-silver and boric acid on extending the vase life of cut rose (Rosa hybrida L.). Journal of Environmental Biology 35(5), 833-838.
He S, Joyce D.C, Irving D.E, Faragher J.D. 2006. Stem end blockage in cut Grevillea ‘Crimson Yul-lo’ inflorescences. Postharvest Biology and Technology 41, 78-84.
Ichimura K, Kishimoto M, Norikoshi R, Kawabata Y, Yamada K. 2005. Soluble carbohydrates and variation in vase-life of cut rose cultivars ‘Delilah’ and ‘Sonia’. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 80, 280-286.
Ichimura K, Shimizu-Yumoto H. 2007. Extension of the vase life of cut rose by treatment with sucrose before and during simulates transport. Bull. Nat. Inst. Floric. Sci 7, 17-27.
Iftikhar A, Muhammad S, Dole J.M, Matthysse A.G. 2016. Bio-control activity of bacterial strains on postharvest performance of Gladiolus L. hybrids 'Mammoth'. Pakistan journal of agricultural sciences 53(3), 593-598.
Janse J.D. 2005. Phytobacteriology: Principles and Practices. Wallingford: CABI Publishing.
Jiang H, Manolache S, Wong A.C.L, Denes F.S. 2004. Plasma-enhanced deposition of silver nanoparticles onto polymer and metal surfaces for the generation of antimicrobial characteristics.Journal of Applied Polymer Science93, 1411-1422.
Jowkar M.M, Kafi M, Khalighi A, Hasanzadeh N. 2012. Evaluation of aluminum sulfate as vase solution biocide on postharvest microbial and physiological properties of 'Cherry Brandy' rose. Annals of Biological Research 3(2), 1132-1144.
Jowkar M.M, Kafi M, Khalighi A, Hasanzadeh N. 2013. Nano silver application impact as vase solution biocide on postharvest microbial and physiological properties of ‘Cherry Brandy’ rose. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment 11, 1045-1050.
Jowkar M.M. 2006. Water relations and microbial proliferation in vase solutions of Narcissus tazetta L. cv. ‘Shahla-e-Shiraz’ as affected by biocide compounds. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 81, 656-660.
Jowkar M.M. 2007. Biocides effect on cut tuberose cv. Gol Dorosht-e-Mahallat vase solution microbial kind and population. Acta Horticulture 755, 219-224.
Kader H.H.A. 2012. Effects of nanosilver holding and pulse treatments, in comparison with traditional silver nitrate pulse on water relations and vase life and quality of the cut flowers of Rosa hybrida L. cv. 'Tineke'. World Applied Sciences Journal 20, 130-137.
Kazemi M, Ameri A. 2012. Response of vase-life carnation cut flower to salicylic acid, silver nanoparticles, glutamine and essential oil. Asian Journal of Animal Sciences 6(3), 122-131.
Ketsa S, Kosonmethakul N. 2001. Prolonging Vase life of Dendrobium flowers. Acta Horticulture 543, 41-46.
Knee M. 2000. Selection of biocides for use in floral preservatives. Postharvest Biology and Technology 18, 227-234.
Lee Y.B, Kim W.S. 2014. Antimicrobial effect of chlorine dioxide on vase life of cut rose 'Beast'. Korean Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology 32(1), 60-65.
Li H.M, Huang X.M, Li J.B, Liu J.P, Joyce D.C, He S.G. 2012. Efficacy of nano-silver in alleviating bacteria-related blockage in cut rose cv. Movie star stems. Postharvest Biology and Technology 74, 36-41.
Liao L, Lin Y, Huang K, Chen W, Cheng Y. 2000. Postharvest life of cut rose flowers as affected by silver thiosulfate and sucrose. Botanical Bulletin- Academia Sinica 41, 299-303.
Liu J, He S, Zhang Z, Cao J, Lv P, He S, Cheng G, Joyce D.C. 2009a. Nano-silver pulse treatments inhibit stem-end bacteria on cut gerbera cv. Ruikou flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology 54, 59-62.
Liu J, Zhang Z, He S, Cao J, Lv P, Joyce D.C. 2009b. Effects of postharvest Nano-Silver treatment on cut flowers. Acta Horticulture 847, 245-250.
Lu P, Cao J, He S, Liu J, Li H, Cheng G, Ding Y, Joyce D.C. 2010. Nano-silver pulse treatments improve water relations of cut rose cv. Movie Star flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology 57, 196-202.
Macnish A.J, Morris K.L, Theije A, Mensink M.G.J, Boerrigter H.A.M, Reid M.S, Jiang C.Z, Woltering E.J. 2010. Sodium hypochlorite: A promising agent for reducing Botrytis cinerea infection on rose flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology 58, 262-267.
Macnish A.J, Leonard R.T, Nell T.A. 2008. Treatment with chlorine dioxide extends the vase life of selected cut flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology 50(2), 197-207
Muriithi K, Ouma G. 2011. The effect of sugar and hypochlorite on the vase life of cut roses and carnations. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 11(2), 1394-1397.
Nemati S.H, Esfandiyari B, Tehranifar A, Rezaei A, Ashrafi S.J. 2014. Effect of nano-silver particles on postharvest life of Lilium orientalis cv. 'Shocking'. International Journal of Postharvest Technology and Innovation 4(1), 46-53.
Nemati S.H, Tehranifar A, Esfandiari B, Rezaei A. 2013. Improvement of vase life and postharvest factors of Lilium orientalis 'Bouquet' by silver nano particles. Notulae Scientia Biologicae 5(4), 490-493.
Ohta K, Harada K. 2000. Effect of electrolyzed anode water on the vase life of cut rose flowers. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science 69(4), 520-522.
Pompodakis N.E, Joyce D.C, Terry L.A, Lydakis D.E. 2004. Effects of vase solution pH and abscisic acid on the longevity of cut 'Baccara' roses. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 79(5), 828-832.
Ratnayake K, Joyce D.C, Webb R.I. 2012. Investigation of potential antibacterial action for postharvest copper treatments of cut Acacia holosericea. Postharvest Biology and Technology 70, 59-69.
Robinson S, Dixon M.A, Zheng Y. 2007. Vascular blockage in cut roses in a suspension of Pseudomonas fluorescens. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 82(5), 808-814.
Schaad N.W, Jones J.B, Chen W. 2001. Laboratory guide for identification of plant pathogenetic bacteria. St. Paul: APS Press.
Schmitt F, Duarte V, Schafer G, Bender R.J. 2013. Use of sucrose solutions in the maintenance of gerbera floral stalks. Rev. Bras. Hort. Ornament. 19(2), 137-143.
Siddiquee S, Yusuf U.K, Hossain K, Jahan S. 2009. In vitro studies on the potential Trichoderma harzianum for antagonistic properties against Ganoderma boninense. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment 7, 970-976.
Singh K, Singh P.J, Kumar R. 2004. Effect of some chemicals on keeping quality of cut roses. Advances in Horticultural Science 18(4), 161-167.
Solgi M, Kafi M, Taghavi T.S, Naderi R. 2009. Essential oils and silver nanoparticles (SNP) as novel agents to extend vase-life of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii cv. ‘Dune’) flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology 53, 155-158.
Solgi M, Ghorbanpour M. 2015. The effects of biological silver nanoparticles on bacterial growth in preservative solutions and increasing vase life of rose cut flowers "White Naomi". Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science 46(3), 429-439.
Steinkellner S, Langer I. 2004. The incidence of Fusarium spp. in soil. Plant Soil. 267, 13-22.
Suwannateep K, Uthairatanakij A, Buanong M, Naetiladdanon S, Jitareerat P. 2013. Effect of electrical voltage on microbial load and senescence of Dendrobium orchid inflorescences during display. Bangkok: Proceedings of the 51st Kasetsart University Annual Conference p. 47.
Torre S, Fjeld T. 2001. Water loss and postharvest characteristics of cut roses grown at high or moderate relative air humidity. Scientia Horticulturae 89, 217-226.
Van Doorn W.G, Cruz P. 2000. Evidence for a wounding-induced xylem occlusion in stems of cut chrysanthemum flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology 19, 73-83.
Vasudevan V, Kannan M. 2014. Effect of fertigation, micronutrients and Bacillus sp for maximizing the yield, quality and disease management of rose (Rosa hybrida var., Tajmahal) under greenhouse conditions. Trends Bioscience 7(13), 1500-1503.
Wang R, Zheng X, Xu X. 2014. Evidence for physiological vascular occlusion in stems of cut Gerbera cv. Hongyan. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 16(2), 365-372.
Williamson V.G, Faragher J.D, Parsons S, Franz P. 2002. Inhibiting the post-harvest wound response in wildflowers. Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC), Publication No. 02/114.
Wu L.Y, Xiao H, Zhao W.J, Sun P, Lin J.K. 2016. Effect of green tea extract powder on the vase-life of fresh-cut rose (Rosa hybrida L.) 'Carola' stems. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 91(3), 279-284.
Xie L.J, Joyce D.C, Irving D.E, Eyre J.X. 2008. Chlorine demand in cut flower vase solutions. Postharvest Biology and Technology 47(2): 267-270.
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
Volume 4, Issue 1
June 2017
Pages 89-103

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 30 July 2016
  • Revise Date: 30 January 2018
  • Accept Date: 21 May 2017

Share

How to cite

Statistics