Exploring the Genetic Diversity of Superior Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) Accessions in Sanggau and Singkawang, West Kalimantan Indonesia

Putricia, Alia Tsabitha; Retnoningsih, Amin; Yulita, Kusumadewi Sri; Anwar, Syaiful; Rafdinal, Rafdinal; Kamaruddin, Anton; Tirtawinata, Mohamad Reza

doi:10.22059/ijhst.2025.386943.992

Exploring the Genetic Diversity of Superior Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) Accessions in Sanggau and Singkawang, West Kalimantan Indonesia

Document Type : Research paper

Authors

Alia Tsabitha Putricia ¹

Amin Retnoningsih ¹

Kusumadewi Sri Yulita ²

Syaiful Anwar ³

Rafdinal Rafdinal ⁴

Anton Kamaruddin ⁵

Mohamad Reza Tirtawinata ⁶

¹ Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia

² Ecology and Ethnobotany Research Center, Biology and Environment organization, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

³ Department of Agroecotechnology, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

⁴ Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Tanjungpura

⁵ Department of Food Crops and Horticulture of West Kalimantan Province

⁶ Indonesian Durian Foundation

10.22059/ijhst.2025.386943.992

Abstract

Durian (Durio zibethinus) is a promising tropical fruit and commodity in the domestic and international markets. Indonesia's durian production has increased over the past two years, but only one-third is suitable for export, as the fruit quality does not yet meet market standards. The regions of Sanggau and Singkawang in West Kalimantan are home to several superior durian varieties that thrive in the forests. Characterizing the genetic diversity of these superior durians is crucial for the provision of high-quality durian seedlings. Genetic diversity characterization using molecular markers is more efficient, effective, and independent of environmental factors. Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) is a molecular marker that is relatively simple, fast and does not require prior knowledge of the target genome. This study aims to analyze the genetic diversity of superior durians from Sanggau and Singkawang using ISSR markers. The study detected the allele profiles of 21 superior durian accessions from PCR results using 11 ISSR primers. The results indicated a high polymorphic percentage of 91.73%. Specific alleles were identified in 12 accessions, with a total of 24 specific alleles. This study demonstrates that the genetic diversity of superior durians from Sanggau and Singkawang, as revealed by ISSR markers, is relatively high, as each accession originated from a seed.

Keywords

ISSR markers

allele profiling

characterization