Document Type : Research paper
Authors
1
Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia
2
2Agroecotechnology Department, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
10.22059/ijhst.2025.384750.954
Abstract
The expansion of superior durian (Durio zibethinus) cultivation, native to Indonesia, is essential to meet the growing demand in both domestic and international markets. Grafting is widely regarded as the most effective propagation method to support large-scale seedling production. However, the availability of scion material from elite local durian trees is constrained, as these trees typically have thin branches situated at heights exceeding 15 meters, making collection difficult. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of scion diameter and benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentration, as well as their interaction, on grafting success in superior local durian. A completely randomized factorial design was employed, incorporating three scion diameters (2, 3, and 4 mm) and four benzylaminopurine concentrations (0, 75, 125, and 250 ppm), resulting in 12 treatment combinations, each replicated three times. The observed parameters included the number of live shoots, bud break time, number of leaves, and success rates of grafting and acclimatization. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA at a significance level of p < 0.05, followed by an HSD test, while grafting and acclimatization success were evaluated descriptively. Results indicated that both scion diameter and BAP concentration had significant independent effects on bud break time and leaf number, but not on the number of live shoots. Based on these findings, scion diameters of 3–4 mm and BAP concentrations of 75–125 ppm are recommended to optimize grafting outcomes in superior local durian propagation
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