Document Type : Research paper
Authors
1
Plant Science Research Cluster, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota. Ogun State. Nigeria
2
National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology
3
Retired Professor G.P.O 2742 Dugbe, Ibadan, Oyo State. Nigeria
4
UNESCO Chair-holder Plant Science Research Cluster, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota. Ogun State. Nigeria
10.22059/ijhst.2024.374632.817
Abstract
Callus culture is a technique of plant tissue culture system employed for obtaining secondary metabolites utilized in agrochemicals, biopesticides, colourants, flavours, food additives, fragrances, and pharmaceuticals. Callus varies in form and texture. Its induction is influenced by explant types, growth medium composition, and growth regulator concentration/combination. In this study, leaf explants excised from in vitro-grown plantlets of Solanecio biafrae were placed on Murashige & Skoog media containing different concentrations of plant growth regulators to stimulate callus induction. At low concentrations of 2,4-D (1.0-5.0 mg L-1), friable callus majorly resulted. They vary in colour (cream and brown) with 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-D having embryogenic calli. Green calli were obtained in the media containing 4.0 mg L-1 2,4-D + 1.0 mg L-1 BAP (compact), 1.0 mg L-1 2,4-D+1.0 mg L-1 kinetin, and 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-D+1.0 mg L-1 kinetin (friable). At varied concentrations of BAP (0.2–1.0 mg L-1), leaf explants enlarged and produced mostly cream and friable callus. Meanwhile when combined, 0.8 mg L-1 BAP+0.05 mg L-1 2,4-D and 1.0 mg L-1 BAP+0.05 mg L-1 2,4-D induced the highest frequency of callus. However, 0.4 mg L-1 BAP+0.10 mg L-1 NAA, 0.2 mg L-1 BAP+0.05 mg L-1 NAA, and 0.4 mg L-1 BAP+0.05 mg L-1 NAA induced no callus but formed roots. Also, 0.2 mg L-1 BAP+0.05 mg L-1 IBA (the lowest concentration) induced no callus response but was observed to root. The different callus types formed can be used for different applications.
Keywords
)