Document Type : Research paper
Authors
1
Department of Horticultural Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box: 14115-336, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
10.22059/ijhst.2025.368349.730
Abstract
In this study, the contents and compositions of the essential oil (EO) derived from Dorema ammoniacum, a perennial plant from the Apiaceae family, were evaluated. The roots and flowers of D. ammoniacum were collected from ten different regions in Iran. The EO yield ranged from 0.2% to 0.5% in roots and 0.2% to 0.46% in flowers (w/v %). The main components of the oil were β-bisabolene (3.4%-14.9%), δ-elemene (0.3%-14.5%), heptacosane (1.2%-27.3%), and n-dodecane (0.1%-46.6%). Furthermore, a methanolic extract was prepared from all the samples and various parameters including total tannin content, saponin content, antioxidant activity (measured using DPPH and FRAP assays), total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content were assessed. Significant differences were observed among the extracts in terms of antioxidant activity, tannin content, saponin content, total phenol content, and total flavonoid content. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on ecological and phytochemical characteristics classified the roots into three groups. Group 3 exhibited the highest levels of antioxidant activity, TPC, saponin, and tannin compared to the other groups. The flower samples were also grouped into three clusters, with Group 3 showing the highest antioxidant activity and saponin value. Overall, the study demonstrated that the phytochemical traits of D. ammoniacum, including its essential oil and extract, were influenced by ecological factors. The plant exhibited moderate to high antioxidant activity and total phenol content, making it a potentially valuable medicinal plant compared to other species.
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