Saadat Sarikhani; Kourosh Vahdati; Wilco Ligterink
Abstract
Evaluation of genetic diversity and identification of superior genotypes is a fundamental stepin walnut breeding programs. In addition, information on biochemical properties of superiorgenotypes can help walnut breeders to release commercial varieties with high kernel quality.To gain more information ...
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Evaluation of genetic diversity and identification of superior genotypes is a fundamental stepin walnut breeding programs. In addition, information on biochemical properties of superiorgenotypes can help walnut breeders to release commercial varieties with high kernel quality.To gain more information on superior genotypes, a walnut population located in southwest ofIran was morphologically evaluated from 2010 to 2016. Based on important walnut breedingtraits, nine superior walnut genotypes were selected from a total of 612 tested genotypes.These genotypes were characterized by high yield, moderate to late-leafing, lateral bearing,thin shell and large nuts with light and extra-light kernel color. Biochemical traits of theselected superior genotypes were evaluated for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) and ahigh variation was observed among genotypes in respect of oil, protein and total phenolcontents. Oil, protein and phenol contents of walnut kernels ranged between 57.9 to 69.6%,13.0 to18.1% and 46.6 to 61.5 mg GAE g-1, respectively. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA),monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) constituted on average63.8%, 26.7% and 9.7% of fatty acid content, respectively. There was a negative correlationbetween some phenological traits and oil and protein contents. Lateral bearing genotypes haddarker kernels with higher amounts of saturated fatty acids. In general, the selected walnutgenotypes not only are superior in various aspects of phenotypic characteristics, but also havehigh kernel quality and nutritional value which can be used as a source of desirable genes forfuture walnut breeding programs.
Yaşar Akça; Yusupov Bahadır Yuldaşulu; Erdenov Murad; Kourosh Vahdati
Abstract
Kazakhstan has very rich walnut genetic resources; however there is no ongoing walnut breeding program. Kazakhstan government has several projects in cooperation with Russia, USA, Bulgaria, Czech Republic and Poland for plant breeding purposes. In the present research walnut genetic resources originated ...
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Kazakhstan has very rich walnut genetic resources; however there is no ongoing walnut breeding program. Kazakhstan government has several projects in cooperation with Russia, USA, Bulgaria, Czech Republic and Poland for plant breeding purposes. In the present research walnut genetic resources originated from Jabağıl, Tulkıbas, Sayram, Lenger, and Botanical Garden of International Hodja Ahmet Yesevi Turkish-Kazakh University of Kazakhstan were evaluated during 2015-2018. In the pre-selection stage, 47 genotypes were selected according to their lateral bearing, disease and pest tolerance. In the next step, 10 genotypes with high nut quality and high yield were selected. These genotypes were grafted onto seedling walnut rootstocks in Turkey. All of the grafted genotypes had fruit at the first year. Among 47 genotypes, we recorded nut weight between 6.21-15.18 g, kernel weight 2.36-6.64 g, kernel percentage 33.55-70.96% and average nut length 2.61-4.19 cm and nut diameter between 2.65 to 3.39 cm. The selected genotypes have been found to have very low fruit quality compared to commercial walnut varieties in the world. However, these genotypes have been evaluated as a good genetic resource for lateral bearing which can be used in breeding programs.
