Mahrin Binta Jahir Maliha; Mohammed Nuruzzaman; Belayet Hossain; Fariha Ahmed Trina; Nizam Uddin; Sajon Sarkar
Abstract
Micronutrients are required in small quantities for plant growth and development, nevertheless are indispensable for crop production. Soil application method of fertilizer is very common method for plant nutrition but foliar fertilization also plays effective role under certain circumstances. ZnSO4 applied ...
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Micronutrients are required in small quantities for plant growth and development, nevertheless are indispensable for crop production. Soil application method of fertilizer is very common method for plant nutrition but foliar fertilization also plays effective role under certain circumstances. ZnSO4 applied as a source of Zinc (Zn) and borax utilized as the source boron (B), which are two micronutrients playing significant roles in growth and yield-related attributes of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Despite of their importance, foliar application of Zn and B on this economically valuable crop received little attention so far. Therefore, to assess the possible response of two okra varieties (‘Chamak’ denoted here as ‘V1’ and ‘Jadoo’ denoted as ‘V2’) to Zn and B, individual foliar spray of Zn and combination of Zn and B were applied on okra plants. The treatment consisted of T0 (Control), T1 (0.2% Zn), T2 (0.3% Zn), T3 (0.2% Zn + 0.2% B) and T4 (0.2% Zn + 0.3% B). Results showed that foliar application of micronutrients significantly improved the growth and yield-related parameters. Among the varieties, ‘Chamak’ showed highest plant growth, yield and yield-related attributes over ‘Jadoo’. In the case of Zn and Zn-B combination, the highest yield (17.7 tone/ha) was noted from T4 compared to control (11 tone/ha). On the other hand, in terms of combination of varieties and treatments, the highest yield (15.77 tone/ha) was found in V1T4 whereas the lowest (8.35 tone/ha) yield was recorded in V2T0, indicating the good performance of Zn and Zn-B combination for the growth and yield-related attributes of okra.
Morteza Mirza Hosseini Zarandi; Maryam Pahlavan Yali; Kamal Ahmadi
Abstract
The rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most important pests on Rosa species, which cause serious damage to plants. Salicylic acid (SA) and Potassium sulfate (PS) have the potential to affect the population of pests on plants. In this study, different concentrations ...
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The rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most important pests on Rosa species, which cause serious damage to plants. Salicylic acid (SA) and Potassium sulfate (PS) have the potential to affect the population of pests on plants. In this study, different concentrations of SA (0.7 and 1.4 mM), PS (11 and 28 mM) and SA (1.4 mM) + PS (28 mM) were used as foliar applications on rose plants to evaluate the life table parameters of M. rosae. The chemical constituents of rose leaves were also assessed using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Results showed that the life table parameters of M. rosae were significantly affected by various treatments. The longevity of the aphid was longest on control and shortest on SA (1.4 mM). M. rosae had the least fecundity on SA (1.4 mM) treatment. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) of M. rosae ranged from 0.202 to 0.298 day-1 on different treatments, which was lowest on SA (1.4 mM) and highest on control. GC/MS analysis showed that Squalene, 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-1-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl) ethanone, and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, as secondary metabolite, were the major compounds in SA (1.4 mM) treatment. The results of this study demonstrated that application of SA (1.4 mM) on rose plants has a good potential for reducing the population of M. rosae and can be used in integrated pest management programs.
Fatemeh Nazoori; Elaheh ZamaniBahramabadi; Seyed Hossein Mirdehghan; Mozhdeh Yousefi
Abstract
In recent years, sulfur has been shown to be effective in controlling pistachio psylla. In this study, the effect of sulfur foliar application as psylla pesticide on fresh fruit and kernel of three cultivars of pistachio was determined and compared with two commercial pesticides. Refinery micronized ...
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In recent years, sulfur has been shown to be effective in controlling pistachio psylla. In this study, the effect of sulfur foliar application as psylla pesticide on fresh fruit and kernel of three cultivars of pistachio was determined and compared with two commercial pesticides. Refinery micronized and mineral sulfur were applied at two concentrations of 30 and 60 kg/1000 L of water. The quality of fresh pistachio hulls and kernels were investigated. In ‘Fandoghi’ cultivar, all sulfur treatments reduced the kernel moisture. The firmness and water activity of hulls and kernels were significantly affected. All sulfur treatments decreased hull lightness in ‘Fandoghi’, while it increased in ‘Akbari’ and ‘Ahmadaghaei’ cultivars. Reduction of hull chroma was observed in some cases in all cultivars. Hue of hulls was not affected by the treatments. Lightness, chroma and hue values of the testa of kernels were not affected in ‘Fandoghi’ and ‘Akbari’. In ‘Ahmadaghaei’, refinery micronized sulfur increased the testa lightness and hue and decreased chroma probably because of the softer texture of hull in ‘Ahmadaghaei’ which breaks more easily during harvest practice. Sulfur treatments positively influenced appearance and general acceptance of ‘Ahmadaghaei’ fruits. The taste and aroma of pistachios were preserved in most of treatments. High concentration (60 kg/1000 L) of both sulfur types enhanced the ethylene production in ‘Ahmadaghaei’ which was almost same as the unripe fruit because sulfur treatments reduced the percentage of unripe fruit. In ‘Ahmadaghaei’, refinery micronized sulfur treatments increased the respiration rate.
Zohre Rohi Vishekaii; Ali Soleimani; Akbar Hasani; Mahmood Ghasemnezhad; Karamatollah Rezaei; Somaye Kalanaky
Abstract
Different sources of nitrogen fertilizers are being used in olive orchards, of which urea is widely used by olive growers. However, nano-chelated nitrogen (nano-N) is a newly found feature of the fertilizer with very little known information. In the current research, the impact of foliar spray of two ...
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Different sources of nitrogen fertilizers are being used in olive orchards, of which urea is widely used by olive growers. However, nano-chelated nitrogen (nano-N) is a newly found feature of the fertilizer with very little known information. In the current research, the impact of foliar spray of two nitrogen sources; urea (U) and nano-N on oil content and quality of olive cv. ‘Zard’ during two consecutive seasons were investigated. The olive trees were sprayed with 2.21 g (U1) and 2.95 g (U2), and 6 g nano-N1 and 8 g nano-N2 at several phenological stages of olive tree. The detailed observations showed that U1 significantly increased fruit yield. Monounsaturated fatty acid and the ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid were increased by the nitrogen treatments, especially with nano-N2, whereas it decreased in the case of saturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The application of both fertilizer sources improved the leaf mineral compositions as well as the oil quality such as free fatty acids, peroxide activity, K232 and K270 extinction coefficients, the chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments. Total phenolic content of the oil in olive trees sprayed with urea was lower than those treated with nano-N. In contrast, the oil antioxidant capacity was high in those trees treated with nano-N. Overall, the results showed that nano-fertilizer, especially nan-N2 treatment rather than urea, is an effective approach to improve oil quality.
Zahra Afifipour; Morteza Khosh-Khui
Abstract
Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) is one of the most important cut flowers in Iran. This research was conducted to investigate the effects of spraying a mixture of amino acids on the physiological and morphological characteristics of tuberose. The experiment was carried out in two successive years (2009 ...
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Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) is one of the most important cut flowers in Iran. This research was conducted to investigate the effects of spraying a mixture of amino acids on the physiological and morphological characteristics of tuberose. The experiment was carried out in two successive years (2009 and 2010) using two tuberose cultivars ‘Dezfuli’ and ‘Mahallati’. The experiment was arranged as a factorial on a completely randomized design with 4 replications. Treatments were 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 mg L-1 of amino acids. The results showed that applying amino acids improved all growth and flowering characteristics of tuberose cultivars. Concentration of 0.75 mg L-1 amino acids enhanced the floral stem, inflorescence, and stem diameters. The fresh weight of floral stem increased about 22% as a result of spraying with 0.25 mg L-1 amino acid mixture. Total protein and nitrogen contents of the ‘Dezfuli’ cultivar showed about 60% enhancement when using a 0.5 mg L-1 mixture of amino acid. In general, the effects of amino acids on ‘Dezfuli’ were greater than the ‘Mahallati’ cultivar.
