Optimization Grafting of Durio zibethinus using Various Scion Diameters and Hormone Levels

Document Type : Research paper

Authors

1 Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia

2 Agroecotechnology Department, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Abstract

The expansion of superior durian (Durio zibethinus) cultivation, native to Indonesia, is essential to meet the increasing demand in both domestic and international markets. Grafting is widely recognized as the most effective propagation method for large-scale seedling production. However, the availability of scion material from elite local durian trees is limited, as these trees generally produce thin branches located at heights exceeding 15 meters, making collection challenging. This study evaluated the effects of scion diameter and benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentration, as well as their interaction, on grafting success in superior local durian. A completely randomized factorial design was employed, consisting of three scion diameters (2, 3, and 4 mm) and four BAP concentrations (0, 75, 125, and 250 ppm), resulting in 12 treatment combinations, each replicated three times. The observed parameters included the number of live shoots, bud break time, number of leaves, and grafting and acclimatization success rates. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA at a significance level of P < 0.05, followed by an HSD test, while grafting and acclimatization success were assessed descriptively. The results showed that both scion diameter and BAP concentration had significant independent effects on bud break time and leaf count but not on the number of live shoots. Based on these findings, scion diameters of 3–4 mm combined with BAP concentrations of 75–125 ppm are recommended to optimize grafting outcomes in superior local durian propagation. 

Keywords

International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
Volume 13, Issue 4
October 2026
Pages 647-660

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History

  • Receive Date: 02 November 2024
  • Revise Date: 16 June 2025
  • Accept Date: 17 June 2025

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