A Preliminary Experimental Protocol for Enhanced Tomato Callus Formation and Growth via Several Medicinal Plant Extracts

Sohrabi, Omid; Hatamzadeh, Abdollah; Ghasemnezhad, Azim; Samizadeh, Habibollah; Erfani-moghadam, Vahid

doi:10.22059/ijhst.2024.363254.677

A Preliminary Experimental Protocol for Enhanced Tomato Callus Formation and Growth via Several Medicinal Plant Extracts

Document Type : Research paper

Authors

Omid Sohrabi ¹

Abdollah Hatamzadeh ¹

Azim Ghasemnezhad ²

Habibollah Samizadeh ¹

Vahid Erfani-moghadam ³

¹ Plant Production Department, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran

² Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan University, Gorgan, Iran

³ Department of New Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran

10.22059/ijhst.2024.363254.677

Abstract

Medicinal plants have been used historically for various treatments and in human nutrition. Due to their natural occurrence and biodegradability, medicinal plants can be an eco-friendly alternative to toxic chemicals such as pesticides, fungicides, and herbicides. An in vitro experiment was conducted to test the impact of six medicinal plant extracts on tomato growth and callus induction. Two concentrations of each extract (50 and 100 mg L-1) were added to the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium culture. Results showed that Juniperus sabina extract (50 mg L-1) accelerated tomato seed germination by 100% in vitro, compared to the control group in MS basal medium. Callus growth index (CGI) and callus weight (CW) increased by 50% and by more than 200% when using Taraxacum officinale (100 mg L-1) and Conocarpus erectus (50 mg L-1) extracts, respectively. Biochemical analysis revealed that the extracts were rich in phenolic compounds (348 mg g-1 of total phenol), flavonoids (162 mg g-1), antioxidants (61%), and auxin. A rise in antioxidant activity, plant growth regulators (PGR), and plant defense elicitation probably contributed to these outcomes. Plant extracts also affected the biochemical content of calluses, except for their total phenol. We recommend using these plant extracts to increase growth, accelerate seed germination, and promote callus induction. Optimizing concentrations and combinations of medicinal plant extracts require further research to maximize their benefits to different plant species and their growth-related values.

Keywords

Allelopathy

Kermanshah

Plant growth regulators

Plant for plant

Tissue culture