eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
1
10
10.22059/ijhst.2018.254156.226
67752
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth, Quality and Yield of Mrenda (Corchorus olitorius) Morphotypes in Kenya
David Kiprono Rutto
ruttodkl@gmail.com
1
Elizabeth Omami
elizabethomami@yahoo.com
2
Julius Ochuodho
juliusochuodho@yahoo.com
3
Lucas Ngode
lucasngode@yahoo.com
4
University of Eldoret, Department of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.
University of Eldoret, Department of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.
University of Eldoret, Department of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.
University of Eldoret, Department of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Biotechnology P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.
Production of Mrenda (Corchorus olitorius) in Kenya has been low due to various reasons, such as poor agronomic practices like incorrect fertilizer rates. Observations from the Mrenda growing areas showed that there is high unmet demand for crop in local market and even for export. This is due to yields being low, 2-4 tons/ha as compared to expected yield of 5-8 tons/ha. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to discern effect of Nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of Mrenda (Corchorus olitorius) morphotypes. Seed samples were planted at two sites of University of Eldoret and Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organization, Kitale using Randomly Complete Block Design with three replicates and three levels of nitrate (Calcium nitrate) fertilizer. Five plants were tagged and the following traits were recorded: plant height, number of branching at main stem, number of pods and fresh leaf yield. Results showed highest N fertilizer rates had most effect exhibited by Morphotypes GT and BT on plants height; plant branching; pods number per plant and yield weight per plant respectively. Use of no N fertilizer caused lowest plant height, branching at main stem, pods and leaf weight per plant by Morphotypes GT and BT. It is concluded that Mrenda is N loving plant as it enhanced its growth when high amount of Nitrogen fertilizer was applied. It is recommended farmers use high N fertilizer for Mrenda production.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_67752_0c92150ffc7a6ba5a011361844bcbf9f.pdf
Fertilizer
Growth
Mrenda
yield
eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
11
18
10.22059/ijhst.2018.256331.235
67757
Shoot-Root Traits of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica L.) as Influenced by Different Irrigation Schedules
Md. Mokter Hossain
mokter.agr@bau.edu.bd
1
Madhoby Jahan Mohona
mohona1622@yahoo.com
2
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh.
Department of Horticulture Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh
Frequency of irrigation to the crops is the key factor for proper growth and economic yield. Therefore, in the current study growth of broccoli plants was investigated under different irrigation levels in pot culture condition. Five levels of irrigation schedules were applied including I0 [Non-irrigation control], I1 [Irrigation up to 15 days after transplanting (DAT)], I2 [Irrigation up to 30 DAT], I3 [Irrigation up to 45 DAT] and I4 [Irrigation up to 60 DAT] with three replications. Maximum plant height, shortest days to curd initiation, fresh mass of curd, curd diameter, shoot fresh mass and moisture content of roots per plant were obtained from irrigation up to 60 DAT. Moreover, maximum number of leaves, leaf fresh mass, moisture content, root length, root fresh and dry mass per plant were obtained from irrigation up to 45 DAT while the lowest results were obtained from non-irrigated control treatment. Higher dry weight (3.37 g plant-1) and dry matter content of leaves (11.76%) and roots (18.94%) and root to shoot ratio (0.077) were observed from non-irrigated control treatment. Results suggested that irrigation up to 60 DAT might be optimum schedule for broccoli, but in terms of economic profitability, irrigation up to 45 DAT would be sufficient.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_67757_b01386b048d191e7797e13fc4f7dad9f.pdf
dry matter content
root to shoot ratio
root traits
shoot traits
water stress
eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
19
29
10.22059/ijhst.2018.233656.192
67758
Photosynthesis Properties and Ion Homeostasis of Different Pistachio Cultivar Seedlings in Response to Salinity Stress
Hamid Alipour
m.mir.m2010@gmail.com
1
Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, Iran.
Understanding mechanisms of salt tolerance, physiological responses to salt stress, and screening genotypes for breeding programs are important scientific issues remained to be investigated in pistachio. Therefore, current study was carried out to investigate response of different pistachio cultivars (G1, G2, Kaleghochi and UCB1) to salinity treatments (0.6 as control, 10, 20 dS m-1 using saline underground water) as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications in greenhouse of Iranian Pistachio Research Institute (Rafsanjan) in 2014-2015. Some physiological and nutrition properties of the pistachio cultivars measured in this study. Results showed decreased stomatal conductance, photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, and Fv/Fm in response to salinity treatments. The main cause of these changes was related to the altered ion contents along with the competition among ions for being absorbed by plant. Despite of sufficient amount of potassium in the soil, high concentrations of sodium and other associated elements such as calcium and magnesium decreased the ability of pistachio plants to absorb adequate amount of vital ions such as potassium. As a result of sodium accumulation and deficiency of potassium, K+/Na+ ratio was decreased in pistachio leaves. Consequently, toxicity of sodium ions in the plant cells reduced stomatal conductance and the rate of photosynthesis. Comparison between cultivars showed that for the most of the traits the difference between control and moderate salinity (10 ds m-1) in all cultivars was not significant. However, G2 cultivar showed higher ability to accumulate potassium and absorbed lower concentration of sodium, calcium, and magnesium under sever salinity treatment (20 ds m-1). These result suggested that G2 could be considered as a potential tolerant cultivar for cultivation in saline area.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_67758_416d4e87c1f448dc0c3d13ff9734bbe4.pdf
K+/Na+ Ratio
Magnesium
potassium
Salt tolerance
Stomatal conductance
eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
31
42
10.22059/ijhst.2018.253556.221
67760
Evaluation the Preharvest Application of Iron and Nitrogen on some Qualitative Characteristics of Two Apple Cultivars During Cold Storage
Safoora Dehghanipoodeh
safoora.dehghanipoodeh@yahoo.com
1
Mohammad Ali Askari
askari@ut.ac.ir
2
Ali Reza Talaei
atalaii@ut.ac.ir
3
Mesbah Babalar
mbabalar@ut.ac.ir
4
Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Apple is one of the most important fruits in temperate zones with a long post-harvest life during cold storage. A factorial experiment, in a randomized completely block design was used to investigate the preharvest application of Iron (0, 500 and 1000 mg Fe-EDDHA per tree) and nitrogen (0, 48 and 96 g ammonium nitrate per tree( on some postharvest qualitative characteristics in "Red spur" and "Granny smith" apple cultivars. Iron and nitrogen treatments in all 72 trees were applied in three stages (full bloom, 30 and 60 days after full bloom). Fruit quality parameters including colorskin color parameters (L*, a*, b*), flesh firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), Titratable acidity (TA), flavor index (TSS/TA) and total antioxidant activity were measured. According to the results, a decrease in fruit firmness, TA and increase in TSS/TA in both cultivars were observed during cold storage irrespective of treatments. The results showed that in “Red spur” cultivar, Fe application decreased fruit firmness, TSS, b* parameter values and increased TSS/TA, a* parameter values, while, N application increased TSS. Fruit firmness was decreased and TSS, TSS/TA, b* parameter values were increased by Fe application in “Granny smith” cultivar. Fruit firmness, TSS and L* parameter values were decreased and TA was increased by N application on this cultivar. In conclusion, Fe and N application in proper levels improved some postharvest qualitative characteristics in "Red spur" and "Granny smith" apple cultivars during cold storage.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_67760_c2f2ddc80a1628bf7a9d485fda0e9ad0.pdf
Cold storage
fruit quality
Iron
nitrogen
Red spur and Granny smith
eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
43
51
10.22059/ijhst.2018.251673.216
67763
Improvement of In Vitro Proliferation of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) by Enriched Nano Chelated Iron Fertilizer
Saber Avestan
avestansaber@gmail.com
1
Lotfali Naseri
lotfalinaseri@yahoo.com
2
Roghayeh Najafzadeh
roghayehnajafzadeh@yahoo.com
3
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Iran.
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran.
Department of Medicinal Plants, Higher Education Center Shahid Bakeri Miyandoab, Urmia University, Miyandoab, Iran.
Nano-fertilizers can increase value of products in agriculture. Iron plays many important and essential roles in plant growth and development as compared to other micronutrients. In the present study, effects of different levels of enriched nano chelated Iron fertilizer (25, 50, 100, and 200 mg l-1) were investigated in comparison with the common Iron (FeSO4.7H2O) on in vitro proliferation of apple explants cultivar 'Gala' in the MS medium. The results showed that enrichednano chelated Iron increased growth and proliferation of apple in terms of number of nodes, shoots, and leaves, nodes and shoots length, leaf area, fresh and dry weights of shoot and chlorophyll index. The maximum growth and proliferation was observed at 100 mg l-1 of enrichednano chelated Iron, while in higher concentration (200 mg l-1), the growth was decreased due to the Iron toxicity. According to the obtained results, 100 mg l-1 of enrichednano chelated Iron can be added for increasing growth on in vitro proliferation of 'Gala' apple cultivar. The present study is the first report of the effects of enrichednano chelated Iron fertilizer on growth and in vitro proliferation of apple that can be useful for in vitro culture of the plant.of enriched nano iron chelated can be added for increasing growth on in vitro proliferation of 'Gala' apple cultivar. The present study is the first report of the effects of enriched nano chelated iron fertilizer on growth and in vitro proliferation in apple that can be useful for in vitro culture of the plant.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_67763_eac74ebca4c91f8460cc9a7331ec2e11.pdf
In vitro proliferation
Iron
Malus domestica Borkh
Nano-fertilizers
eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
53
63
10.22059/ijhst.2018.255144.231
67764
Identification of Drought Tolerant and Sensitive Species of Thyme through Some Physiological Criteria
Mohsen Ashrafi
abje64@gmail.com
1
Mohammad Reza Azimi Moqadam
azimi@znu.ac.ir
2
Parviz Moradi
parvizmoradi@gmail.com
3
Farid Shekari
shekari@znu.ac.ir
4
Ehsan MohseniFard
mohsenifard.ehsan@znu.ac.ir
5
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
Research Division of Natural Resources, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, AREEO, Zanjan, Iran.
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
Drought as the most important abiotic stress has deleterious effects on plants. Developing drought tolerant varieties can help produce plants in a sustainable way. This study was conducted to identify drought tolerant and drought sensitive thyme species including Thymus vulgaris, T. vulgaris (origin: Spain), T. carmanicus, T. daenensis and T. kotschyanus and to study the mechanism used by them to cope with drought stress. For this purpose, relative water content, water use efficiency, soil water depilation rate, root:shoot ratio, drought resistance index and a new criterion "FC ceased growth" were used. T. carmanicus and T. daenensis had the lowest and the highest reduction on relative water content, respectively. In terms of water use efficiency and soil water depletion curve, the highest and the lowest values were detected for T. daenensis and T. carmanicus, respectively. The most and the least root:shoot ratios were recorded for T. daenensis and T. vulgaris (origin: Spain), respectively. Analyses by drought resistance index and PCA revealed that T. carmanicus is drought susceptible, T. kotschyanus and T. vulgaris are semi-drought susceptible, and T. daenensis and T. vulgaris (origin: Spain) are semi-drought tolerant species. FC ceased growth analysis showed that T. carmanicus stopped its growth at higher FC, while T. kotschyanus stopped it at lower FC. Therefore, based on this criterion and considering the sustainability of growth under drought condition, T. carmanicus and T. kotschyanus are the least and the most drought tolerant Thymus species.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_67764_9c7c88f7d9c835f664ab54338e152e38.pdf
Agriculture
Breeding
drought tolerance
Screening
Thyme
water deficiency
eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
65
79
10.22059/ijhst.2018.254015.225
67913
Intervarietal Hybridization and Observation of Heterosis in the New Hybrids of Iris germanica
Mohammad Hossein Azimi
m.h.azimi58@gmail.com
1
Maryam Karimi Alvijeh
mkarimia61@gmail.com
2
Abdolkarim Zarei
zarei14@gmail.com
3
Ornamental Plants Research Center (OPRC), Horticulture Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mahallat, Iran
Ornamental Plants Research Center (OPRC), Horticulture Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mahallat, Iran
Department of Plant Production and Genetic (Biotechnology), College of Agriculture, Jahrom University, Jahrom, Iran
To produce new, high-quality offsprings, we generated two cross combinations in Iris germanica. Three parental plants were selected after preliminary screening of commercial traits in different cultivars. Fourteen quantitative traits mostly related to the flower organ were investigated on 15 progenies and three parental plants in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant positive and negative correlations were observed among different studied attributes at 0.01 and 0.05 probability. The highest positive (+0.86) and negative (-0.76) correlations was recorded between diameter of flowering branch with crown diameter as well as peduncle length, respectively. Cluster analysis using Ward’s method separated most of the progenies from the parental plants based on evaluated morphological characteristics. However, some of the progenies were grouped with their maternal parent. In PCA analysis, five factors explained 87.84% of the total variations; crown diameters as well as diameter of flowering branch were predominant in the first component (34.19%). Some promising progenies with interesting characteristics were observed and several hybrid plants were superior to their parents and showed positive heterosis over their parents. Progenies NIOP5 and NIOP8 were superior in the most studied attributes, therefore, they suggested for further investigations which can be used in breeding programs. Progenies showed a wider range for flower diameter, peduncle thickness, bush height, as well as inner and outer tepal dimensions. Flower color also showed wider range in the progenies and purple, violet and white colors were the most frequent colors in the hybrid plants, while lilac color was the rarest one. Results of our investigation revealed that intervarietal hybridization is an effective way to contribute to the phenotypic variation in the iris flower for producing new plant materials for breeding purposes as well as releasing new cultivars. The inheritance of some of the traits identified in this study will be important for improving plant architecture in German iris plant.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_67913_9b8dfde22c4977bb20161f8e52629c28.pdf
German iris
heterosis
hybridization
phenotypic variation
progeny
eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
81
92
10.22059/ijhst.2018.256329.234
67914
Chemical Variation in the Essential Oil of Iranian Rosa damascena Landraces under Semi-arid and Cool Conditions
Bayzid Yousefi
bayzidyousefi@gmail.com
1
Kamkar Jaimand
jaimand@rifr-ac.ir
2
Research Division of Natural Resources, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Sanandaj, Iran
Medicinal Plant Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
In present study, essential oil content and compositions of 49 Iranian landraces of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) was investigated. Essential oils were isolated with distillation method and component composition was determined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Twenty main compounds were identified in the essential oil representing about 90% of the total oil. The major components were found to be n-nonadecane (with seasonal range of 32.4-36.1%), n-heneicosane (20.3-22.1%), citronellol (6.6-10.3%), n-hexadecanol (6.4-6.7%) and n-tricosane (5.9-7.0%). The percentages of citronellol and geraniol as the two important compounds of the rose oil quality in 2008 were more than their percentages in 2007. Therefore, it can be inferred that dry conditions increased the aliphatic compounds percentages and reduced alcoholic compounds in the rose oil. Despite the differences in origin sites, climates and ecological conditions among landraces, the results of cluster analysis (CA) revealed that all of the landraces of Damask rose with exception of KB1 and AK1 showed more than 90% similarity in their major oil composition. The result of principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the landraces with the highest percentage of citronellol and geraniol components usually show extreme values (positive or negative) of PC1 and PC2.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_67914_8b8d20d8a64cd6f074905b2061d451c7.pdf
citronellol
essential oil composition
geraniol
Rosa damascena Mill
semi-arid conditions
eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
93
102
10.22059/ijhst.2018.253067.219
67881
Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Fumaria vaillantii Extract at Three Phenological Stages Assayed by Various Methods
Mohammad Moghaddam
moghaddam75@yahoo.com
1
Seyed Naser Khaleghi Miran
naser.miran@gmail.com
2
Leila Mehdizadeh
l.mehdizadeh@gmail.com
3
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Fumaria vaillantii (Fumariaceae) is an annual plant which is growing in a wide diversity area of Iran which has been used traditionally in the folk medicine. Antioxidants have great importance to reduce oxidative stress and prevention of damage to biological molecules. The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract from aerial parts of Fumaria vaillantii L. by using three different methods including 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Phosphomolybdenum complex at three different growth stages. In addition, total phenolic contents of the extracts were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method. According to the obtained results, the total phenol contents of aerial parts harvested at vegetative, budding and flowering stages were 68.38, 71.11 and 56.42 mg GAE/g extract, respectively. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were decreased from vegetative to flowering stages in DPPH and FRAP methods. In conclusion, ethanolic extract from vegetative stage of Iranian F. vaillantii can be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidants for food and pharmaceutical industries.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_67881_76957d7b14b304b1b9b88cb21b6e88b2.pdf
DPPH-radical
Folin-Ciocalteu method
Fumitory
growth stage
Medicinal plant
eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
103
109
10.22059/ijhst.2018.254988.230
67915
Quantitative Assessment of Diosgenin from Different Ecotypes of Iranian Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) by High-performance Liquid Chromatography
Sahar Aminkar
sahar.aminkar@gmail.com
1
Abdolali Shojaeiyan
shojaeiyan@modares.ac.ir
2
Sajad Rashidi Monfared
rashidims@modares.ac.ir
3
Mahdi Ayyari
m.ayyari@modares.ac.ir
4
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
In this study, a sensitive, accurate and reproducible high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for determination of diosgenin from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) leaves in 22 ecotypes of Iranian fenugreek. The obtained results showed that the highest concentration of diosgenin with 23.8 mg g-1dw was found in Boshruyeh ecotype. While, Mashhad ecotype with 3.51 mg g-1dw diosgenin contained the lowest concentration of diosgenin. The method employed in current study confirmed significant variations in the diosgenin concentration in Iranian fenugreek. Therefore, Iranian fenugreek can be considered as a new potential crop and source of diosgenin in the pharmaceutical industry.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_67915_16a49f9d2d7496943c317393fca64850.pdf
Dioscin
HPLC
quantitative determination
secondary metabolites
steroidal saponin
eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
111
122
10.22059/ijhst.2018.68039
68039
Ameliorative Effect of Ammonium Sulfate on Salt Tolerance and Ion Homeostasis in Lemon (C. limon) Seedlings
Majid Rajaie
rajaie.majid@yahoo.com
1
Mohammah Ebrahim Motieallah
asmari.drillingco@gmail.com
2
Soil and Water Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran
PhD student of Geology, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch, Shiraz, Iran
To investigate interaction effects of salinity and nitrogen on growth, mineral composition and salinity tolerance of lemon seedlings, a greenhouse experiment with four sodium chloride concentrations (0, 250, 500 and 1000 mg kg-1 soil) and four nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100, and 200 mg kg-1 soil ammonium sulfate) was carried out. Experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. Sodium and chloride ions in plant tissues were increased to toxic levels with increase in salinity which resulted in a significant reduction of plant dry weight. Nitrogen consumption up to 100 mg kg-1 soil increased plant dry weight. As the concentration of sodium chloride was increased, the improvement effect of nitrogen on plant growth was decreased. Although nitrogen had no considerable effect on sodium concentration in root and shoot, it made a decrease in chloride concentration in shoot and an increase in root concentration of this element. Salinity decreased essential nutrients concentration in plant shoot. Therefore, it can be concluded that adverse effect of salinity is to some extent due to reduction of required elements to suboptimal ranges in plant tissues. Nitrogen improved the adverse effects of salinity on plant nutrients by increasing their concentration in plant tissues. Therefore it can be inferred that part of the ameliorative effects of nitrogen on salinity adverse effects is related to the maintenance of essential nutrient concentrations in plant tissues. The results of the present study indicate that nitrogen can be applied in amounts higher than optimal level to reduce the harmful effects of salinity.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_68039_0af98471eab96f8c28921428a6834722.pdf
dry weight
Ion Accumulation
Salinity stress
eng
University of Tehran, College of Aburaihan
International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology
2322-1461
2588-3143
2018-06-01
5
1
123
132
10.22059/ijhst.2018.261042.248
68069
Growth and Photosynthetic Performance of Calendula officinalis under Monochromatic Red Light
Sasan Aliniaeifard
aliniaeifard@ut.ac.ir
1
Mehdi Seif
mehdi.seif@ut.ac.ir
2
Mostafa Arab
mosarab@ut.ac.ir
3
Mahboobeh Zare Mehrjerdi
mzarem@ut.ac.ir
4
Tao Li
litao06@caas.cn
5
Oksana Lastochkina
oksanaibg@gmail.com
6
Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran
Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran
Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran
Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
Bashkir Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Russian Academy of Sciences, R. Zorge St., 19, 450059 Ufa, Russia
Light is the driving force for plant photosynthesis. Different attributes of light (e.g. intensity, spectrum and duration) can influence plant growth and development. We studied growth and photosystem II performance ofEnglish marigold cut flowers under red (635-665 nm) and white (420-700 nm) LEDs. Although growing plants under red light resulted in morphological deformation such as leaf epinasty, it led to an early flowering and improved growth compared with white light-grown plants. In plants that were grown under red light, flowers were emerged 45 days after germination. In the time of flowering, there were 30 leaves (sum of rosette and lateral leaves) on the red light-grown plants, while 20 leaves were observed on white light-grown plants without flowering on day 45. Fast induction of chlorophyll fluorescence showed that fluorescence intensities of O-J-I-P phases in a typical fluorescence transient exhibited after a 20 min dark-adapted leaves were increased in red light-grown plants. Maximum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and performance index per absorbed light were decreased by red light, while quantum yield of energy dissipation was increased by red light. Most of the energy absorbed by the photosystems in red light-grown plants was dissipated as heat. In conclusion, although red light improved growth and induced early flowering in Calendula officinalis, full light spectrum is required to prevent leaf deformation and electron transport disruption under monochromatic red light.
https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_68069_2d8c151476cfcc302cf44ed83f980664.pdf
Early flowering
English marigold
LED
Light Spectrum
photomorphogenesis
photosynthesis