Borzou Yousefi; Armin Saed-Moucheshi; Mohamaad Gheitury
Abstract
White savory is a medicinal plant native to Iran that is resistance to water deficit conditions. A farm experiment was carried out to evaluate the possibility of dry farming cultivation and describe interactions among different organic fertilizers (O. Fs.). Planting densities were evaluated for their ...
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White savory is a medicinal plant native to Iran that is resistance to water deficit conditions. A farm experiment was carried out to evaluate the possibility of dry farming cultivation and describe interactions among different organic fertilizers (O. Fs.). Planting densities were evaluated for their effects on essential oil (EO) and yield-related traits in white savory under dry farming. This experiment was conducted in the Mehregan Research Station of Kermanshah by a split-plot design based on RCBD with three replications, and three fertilizer treatments, i.e. cow manure (30 tons×ha-1), wheat straw enriched by sulfate ammonium (10 tons×ha-1), and farm soil. There were three planting densities, i.e. low-density (2.66), medium-density (4), and high-density (8 plant/m-2) during 2017- 2018 and 2018- 2019 crop years. The highest two-year average of fresh yield (3149.90 kg×ha-1) and dry yield (1611.70 kg ha-1) occurred in response to rotten cow manure × high density treatment. The highest two-year average of EO percentage (2.19%) occurred in response to rotten cow manure × low-density planting. The highest EO yield (32.60 kg×ha-1) occurred in response to enriched straw × high-density planting. The highest plant fresh yield (3434.02 kg×ha-1), plant dry yield (1231.98 kg×ha-1), and EO yield (24.68 kg×ha-1) resulted from the second year of harvest. The dry farming of S. mutica plants is recommended in a modified substrate by 30 tons/ha of rotten cow manure and a row spacing of 50 × 25 cm in mountainous regions, where annual rainfall is more than 450 mm on average.
Nonna Fatima Hilot Abello; Pet Roey Lasquites Pascual; Jean Jannin Aleguin Alimento; Rodolfo Anulacion; Kent Marcial Catubis; Marciano Tangpos; Danny Carabio
Abstract
Kale, which has anti-cancer properties, is rich in nutrients and antioxidants. The increase in lifestyle diseases has encouraged the inclusion of Kale in healthy diets. Light plays a major role in plant growth. This study determined the effects on kale under different light conditions in terms of morphological, ...
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Kale, which has anti-cancer properties, is rich in nutrients and antioxidants. The increase in lifestyle diseases has encouraged the inclusion of Kale in healthy diets. Light plays a major role in plant growth. This study determined the effects on kale under different light conditions in terms of morphological, yield, and physiological responses. The treatments used in this study were: Ambient Light (AL) and 16:8 light-dark periods scheme on Red LED (RL), Green LED (GL), and Blue LED (BL) six days before harvesting. Kale grown under GL and BL produced the tallest plant that was four times longer than AL. However, in the number, length and width of leaves, AL was found to be greater than the seedlings grown under controlled lights. On yield responses, no significant differences were noted on fresh weight, dry weight, and computed yield. On physiological responses, RL, GL, and BL all increase the average vapor pressure deficit. In terms of average photosynthetic rate, BL’s performance is better than those exposed to AL. However, AL’s stomatal conductance resulted in a greater amount than plants exposed to LED lights. The average transpiration rate showed improvement under RL. These results suggest that GL and BL are most suited for plant height development while AL enhances the number, length, and width of leaves. Moreover, when grown under BL, photosynthetic rate was enhanced. On the other hand, exposure to AL improved stomatal conductance. Increased photosynthetic rate where implicated to enhance secondary metabolite such as glucosinolate to which Kale are sought after.
MD. Farid Hossain
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the effects of different potting media and pot sizes on yield and quality attributes (TSS%, Vitamin C, pH) of cherry tomato in the winter season under field conditions. Cherry tomato was cultivated in four different size pots by using four types of potting media. Plastic ...
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This research aimed to evaluate the effects of different potting media and pot sizes on yield and quality attributes (TSS%, Vitamin C, pH) of cherry tomato in the winter season under field conditions. Cherry tomato was cultivated in four different size pots by using four types of potting media. Plastic pots ranged in capacity (2L, 6L, 10L and 14L). Each treated pot was filled with air dried field loamy soil without fertilizer (control) and organic fertilizers, namely, cow dung (1:1), poultry litter (1:1) and vermicompost (1:1) which were used as treatments. In total, 16 treatment combinations were arranged in a randomized complete block design. The highest total number of fruits and fruit yield per plant of cherry tomato was obtained from the plants raised in pots with cow dung mixture soil (1:1). Organic fertilizers in pot soil significantly affected the TSS% and pH value of ripened fruits. The pot size affected the total fruit yield per plant significantly, and the best yield was 2.2 times higher than that of plants in the smallest pots. The highest total number of fruits per plant (108.75), fruit yield per plant (504.25g) and yield per hectare (20.17t) was obtained from plants in 14L size pots by using cow dung mixture soil (1:1). It was concluded that the 14L pot and cow dung mixture soil (1:1) were the best treatments for the cultivation of cherry tomato in homestead gardening.
Md. Serazul Islam
Abstract
During the dry season (November to April), a field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Field Research Center of the Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur. The effects of different levels of irrigation with various mulches were evaluated on the growth and yield of tomatoes. The trial comprised ...
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During the dry season (November to April), a field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Field Research Center of the Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur. The effects of different levels of irrigation with various mulches were evaluated on the growth and yield of tomatoes. The trial comprised raised-bed furrow irrigation methods with three mulching treatments (i.e. without mulch, black polyethylene mulch and grass straw mulch) and two irrigation plans (6-day and 3-day intervals). The 6 treatments were designed in a randomized complete block (RCB) design in three replicates. In response to the 6-day and 3-day irrigation intervals, raised-bed furrow irrigation, with black polyethylene mulch, resulted in a significantly higher yield (96.46 t/ha and 102.19 t/ha) compared to the effect of no mulch on the yield (77.70 t/ha and 82.04 t/ha), respectively. The use of grass straw mulch (87.15 t/ha and 91.76 t/ha) also resulted in a significant yield, compared to no mulch. All three factors significantly influenced unit crop weight, fruit size at the age of 16, 18 and 20 weeks after transplanting, marketable fruit yield, plant water consumption and water use efficiency. The interaction between raised-bed furrow irrigation, mulching and irrigation schedule had a significant influence on the water use efficiency (WUE) of tomato production. The raised-bed furrow irrigation method in a two-row crop cultivation pattern was statistically equivalent in terms of WUE if it was mulched by black polyethylene and irrigated every 3 days.
Sushanta Kumar Tarafder; Mrityunjoy Biswas; Asit Baran Mondal
Abstract
The study was conducted in Polashi, Manirampur Upazila, Jashore, Bangladesh, during Rabi seasons of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 to evaluate the effects of organic nutrient sources on yield and shelf life of broccoli. The experimental layout was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications ...
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The study was conducted in Polashi, Manirampur Upazila, Jashore, Bangladesh, during Rabi seasons of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 to evaluate the effects of organic nutrient sources on yield and shelf life of broccoli. The experimental layout was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and six treatments which were: T1= Vermicompost 3 t ha-1, T2 = Vermicompost 4 t ha-1, T3 = Trichocompost 3 t ha-1, T4 = Trichocompost 4 t ha-1, T5 = FYM 12 t ha-1, T6 = (control). A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was designed to determine the shelf life of broccoli with three replications, considering three factors, (i) the effects of organic sources of nutrient, (ii) storage materials at room temperature and (iii) storage materials at cold storage condition. The findings revealed that the effects of organic nutrient sources significantly influenced the yield and shelf life of broccoli. The treatment T2 (vermicompost 4 t ha-1) produced significant (p≤0.05) amounts of marketable curd yield of broccoli (22.33 t ha-1 and 21.27 t ha-1), followed by T4 (Trichocompost 4 t ha-1) with marketable curd yield (19.76 t ha-1, 18.78 t ha-1). In contrast, the minimum marketable curd yield (7.76 t ha-1 and 7.29 t ha-1) occurred in T6 (control) in the respective years. The treatment of T2 led to the highest shelf life (7.33 and 7.55 days) at room temperature (14-220C with RH 60-65%). At cold storage (40C with RH 90-95%), using High-Density Polyethylene (HDP;15 micron) vacuum pack, the shelf life was also significant (24.75 & 25.19 days) during the years of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022, respectively.
Ahmad Shirinfekr; Shahin Oustan; Nosratollah Najafi; Adel Reyhanitabar
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess both soil and tea plant responses to acidification induced by aluminum (Al). In this way, the effects of four levels of soil acidification by aluminum sulfate were examined (A1=0, A2=500, A3=1000, A4=2000 mg kg-1 soil) on five promising tea genotypes (G1=100, G2=440, ...
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The present study aimed to assess both soil and tea plant responses to acidification induced by aluminum (Al). In this way, the effects of four levels of soil acidification by aluminum sulfate were examined (A1=0, A2=500, A3=1000, A4=2000 mg kg-1 soil) on five promising tea genotypes (G1=100, G2=440, G3=444, G4=591 and G5=703). The genotypes were originally from Lahijan Tea Research Center and were tested on split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. A breakpoint of 250 mg kg-1 of exchangeable Al was identified as critical for the severe release of Al into the soil solution. Both soluble and exchangeable fractions of soil Al showed strong power regression relationships with soil pH measured in water as well as 1M KCl solution. The genotype with the highest yield (G3) experienced a significantly greater decline in fresh yield following treatments with Al, compared with the genotype having low yield (G4) (22% vs. 6%, on average). Acidification adversely affected all morphological parameters but no significant impacts were detected on selected biochemical parameters (i.e. caffeine, total polyphenols, and chlorophyll index). Leaf Al concentration, followed by shoot weight and leaf thickness showed significant relationships (p<0.01) with soluble and exchangeable fractions of Al in the soil. The highest and the lowest leaf Al concentrations were obtained in G4 (837 mg kg-1 DM, on average) and in G3 (623 mg kg-1 DM, on average), respectively. Based on all morphological traits, the most tolerant genotype to soil acidification was G4, which is a low-yield tea with a relatively high Al accumulation affinity.
Pratima Bagale; Srijana Pandey; Pradip Regmi; Subhekchhya Bhusal
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the basic and applied aspects of gibberellins (GAs) and its application in the regulation of growth and development of different vegetable crops. Plant growth regulators are the substances which are synthesized in particular cells and are transferred to ...
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This review provides a comprehensive overview of the basic and applied aspects of gibberellins (GAs) and its application in the regulation of growth and development of different vegetable crops. Plant growth regulators are the substances which are synthesized in particular cells and are transferred to other cells where in extremely small quantities influence the developmental processes. The GAs are an important group of phytohormones which exert various effects on promotion and regulation of plant growth. Gibberellic acid (GA3) is a type of GA plant hormone, with great economical and industrial importance. GAs affect stem elongation, germination, elimination of dormancy, flowering, sex expression, flooding responses, enzyme induction and leaf and fruit senescence. Foliar application of GA3 has been shown to change the physiological and developmental processes, including plant vegetative growth, sex expression, yield, and yield components in different vegetable crops. This study aims to reveal the impacts of GAs on different aspect of crop production with special emphasis on vegetable crops. Furthermore, appropriate concentration for the applications of GA3 in vegetable crops would be discussed so that the use of such regulators is environmentally and toxicologically safe for both plants and the consumers.
Hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani; Mahmoud Bagheri; Sibgol Khoshkam
Abstract
Eggplant has high variation in the world and there are many landraces of the eggplant in Iran. In the previous studies, five landraces of Minab’s eggplant have been collected from the main production regions with the aim to select the pure lines, consequently 15 superior genotypes were selected ...
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Eggplant has high variation in the world and there are many landraces of the eggplant in Iran. In the previous studies, five landraces of Minab’s eggplant have been collected from the main production regions with the aim to select the pure lines, consequently 15 superior genotypes were selected from these landraces and their stability and compatibility were analyzed. In the present study, 15 eggplant genotypes together with two superior mother landraces were studied for the two successive years in the three regions of Iran including Minab, Karaj, and Jiroft. Based on the results of the means comparison of yield in the studied lines in each region from average of two years, GHE12 line in Minab region, SA13 line in Jiroft region, and AM4, SA15, and SA5 lines in Karaj region had acceptable yield than the other studied lines. According to the results of general compatibility and stability analysis, the three genotypes of Y7, AM7 and SA15 were recognized as the most stable genotypes with having the least interaction; therefore, they categorized as the first ranking of stability. According to the results of special compatibility and stability analysis, AM7, Y7 and GHE12 lines for Minab region; AM5 and SA5 lines for Jiroft region and SA5 and AM4 lines for the Karaj region can be recommended.
Md. Farid Hossain
Abstract
Planting date is an important factor which directly related to crop production in a specific area. Different planting time may affect crop yield and quality due to varying climatic conditions at different stages of crop growth and development. The present experiment was laid out to investigate the effect ...
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Planting date is an important factor which directly related to crop production in a specific area. Different planting time may affect crop yield and quality due to varying climatic conditions at different stages of crop growth and development. The present experiment was laid out to investigate the effect of planting date at an interval of 15 days during winter season of 2019-20 on the yield and quality of cherry tomato. The potentiality of fruiting in the winter season was evaluated by planting on November 15, November 30, December 15, December 30 and January 14. Data on yield and quality attributes of cherry tomato like plant height, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant (g), yield (t ha-1), TSS (%), pH and vitamin C contents (mg 100 g-1) were recorded. Results revealed that planting time had significant effects on the yield and quality parameters of cherry tomato. Cherry tomato performed better on 30 November planting date in respect of yield and vitamin C content due to favorable climatic conditions at different growing stages as per requirements that may lead to higher yield and quality of fruits.
Md. Farid Hossain
Abstract
To investigate the effects of organic fertilizers and irrigation frequencies on yield and quality of cherry tomato an experiment was conducted using six fertilizer doses including control (no fertilizer), NPK fertilizer (urea at 300 kg, TSP 200 kg and MoP 250 kg), cow-dung at 5 t ha-1, cow-dung at 10 ...
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To investigate the effects of organic fertilizers and irrigation frequencies on yield and quality of cherry tomato an experiment was conducted using six fertilizer doses including control (no fertilizer), NPK fertilizer (urea at 300 kg, TSP 200 kg and MoP 250 kg), cow-dung at 5 t ha-1, cow-dung at 10 t ha-1, poultry manure at 5 t ha-1 and poultry manure at 10 t ha-1 with two levels of irrigation frequencies including alternate day irrigation and two day interval irrigation in a split plot design with three replications. Data on yield and quality attributes of cherry tomato like plant height, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant (g), yield (t ha-1), TSS (%) and vitamin C contents (mg 100 g-1) were recorded. Results revealed that poultry manure had significant effects on the yield and quality of cherry tomato. Among the fertilizer treatments, poultry manure at 5 t ha-1 showed the best results on yield and quality of cherry tomato. On the other hand, cherry tomato showed best performance in relation to yield and quality when field was irrigated in one-day interval. It can be concluded that application of poultry litter at 5 t ha-1 in combination with one day interval result in highest yield and quality on cherry tomato.
Masoud Haghshenas; Mohammad Javad Nazarideljou; Akbar Shokoohian
Abstract
The moderating role of salicylic acid (SA) and putrescine (PUS) as plant growth regulators (PGRs), on the growth parameters and phytochemical and qualitative characteristics of strawberry fruit 'Selva' under osmotic stress was investigated under soilless culture. The osmotic potential (salinity) of the ...
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The moderating role of salicylic acid (SA) and putrescine (PUS) as plant growth regulators (PGRs), on the growth parameters and phytochemical and qualitative characteristics of strawberry fruit 'Selva' under osmotic stress was investigated under soilless culture. The osmotic potential (salinity) of the nutrient solution containing different NaCl concentrations (0, 7.5, 15, 30 and 45 mM) and foliar application of PUS (0 and 1.5 mM) and SA (0 and 1.5 mM) were studied. The results showed a significant decrease in plant leaf area (79.6%), total chlorophyll content (48%), fruit yield (73.5%), leaf relative water content (33%), total protein (33.4%), total phenol (7.8%), and vitamin C content (24.5%) under osmotic stress. Moreover, peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes activity, leaf ion leakage, and soluble carbohydrate and proline content increased significantly under osmotic stress. Application of PGRs had a significant effect on all the studied traits (except for SOD activity). Interactive effects of salinity and PGRs were significant on all the traits except for leaf ion leakage, POD activity, soluble carbohydrates, and protein. The highest total phenol and vitamin C contents were obtained with 15 mM salinity along with foliar application of PGRs. In conclusion, foliar application of PUS and SA ameliorate negative effects of salt stress on growth, yield, and quality of strawberry fruit.
Amin Reza Jamshidi; Ahmad Ghazanfari Moghaddam; Ahmad Reza Ommani
Abstract
Aeroponic planting is proved to be the one of the most efficient growing environments for many vegetable crops. In this technique, plants are cultivated in absence of soil and the required nutrients are directly supplied to the roots through a fogging system. In modern sprayers, water is atomized by ...
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Aeroponic planting is proved to be the one of the most efficient growing environments for many vegetable crops. In this technique, plants are cultivated in absence of soil and the required nutrients are directly supplied to the roots through a fogging system. In modern sprayers, water is atomized by means of ultrasound waves. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ultrasound waves on the nutrient solution and on yield and some yield components of tomato grown in a vertical aeroponic planting system. The investigation was conducted using a 3×3 factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design. The considered factors were ultrasonic frequency at three levels of 50 kHz, 107 kHz and 2.1 MHz and the fogging duration at three levels of 10, 15 and 20 min. The results indicated that, at frequency of 50 MHz, the nutrient solution had the lowest EC equivalent while the pH of the nutrient solution reached its highest value at 2.1 MHz. Generally, both EC and pH value of the nutrient solution were elevated by increase in the wave frequency, but they did not show a definite trend by changes in fogging duration. The ANOVA indicated that the interaction effect of the ultrasound frequency and fogging period had significant effect on the plant height, root weight and length, fruit weight, fruit length, plant yield and system performance. In general, the measured yield components decreased as frequency of the waves increased and the best results were obtained at 50 kHz frequency and 15 min fogging period.
Zahra Shahbazi; Amin Salehi; Saeid Hazrati; Mohsen Movahedi Dehnavi
Abstract
The application of organic fertilizers alone or in combination with bio-fertilizers is important for sustainable agriculture, healthy agricultural production and restoring soil quality. Compost, vermicompost and mycorrhiza amendments could improve soil quality and plant yield. However, little is known ...
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The application of organic fertilizers alone or in combination with bio-fertilizers is important for sustainable agriculture, healthy agricultural production and restoring soil quality. Compost, vermicompost and mycorrhiza amendments could improve soil quality and plant yield. However, little is known about their impact on yield and quality of European borage (Borago officinalis L.). To evaluate the effects of vermicompost, granulated compost, and mycorrhiza on qualitative and quantitative traits of B. officinalis an experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete block design arranged in a factorial experiment with three replications. Organic fertilizers in five levels (0, 5 and 10 t/ha vermicompost and 3 and 6 t/ha granulated compost) and mycorrhiza (Glomus mosseae) in two levels (with and without) were considered. It was shown that the effects of organic fertilizer and mycorrhiza application on nitrogen content were significant in such a way that the maximum nitrogen content was obtained by 10 t/ha vermicompost and mycorrhiza inoculation treatment. The main effects of organic fertilizer and mycorrhiza on phosphorus and potassium contents were also significant. The maximum values were obtained when 10 t/ha vermicompost and mycorrhiza were applied together. Total chlorophyll content, flower-bearing branches, mucilage, and phenol were measured in all three harvests. The results indicated that the interaction effect of harvesting time, organic fertilizer, and mycorrhiza was only significant on chlorophyll content. The maximum chlorophyll content (0.958 mg g-1 freshweight) was detected in the third harvest when 10 t/ha vermicompost and mycorrhiza were applied. Maximum mucilage content (4.23%), phenol content (5.07%) and flower-bearing branches (57.45 g m-2) were obtained by 10 t/ha vermicompost treatment. The results suggested that chemical fertilizers could be replaced by organic fertilizer and mycorrhiza to reduce soil and water contamination in the agroecosystems.
Mohammadmehdi Norozi; Babak ValizadehKaji; Rouhollah Karimi; Mohammadali Nikoogoftar Sedghi
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of foliar applications of potassium and zinc on the fruit yield and quality as well as leaf nutrient concentrations of pistachio cv. ‘Chrokeh’. The experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized block design with nine treatments ...
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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of foliar applications of potassium and zinc on the fruit yield and quality as well as leaf nutrient concentrations of pistachio cv. ‘Chrokeh’. The experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications per treatment. Treatments were three levels of K2SO4 (0, 1 and 2%) and three levels of ZnSO4 (0, 0.5 and 1%). The nutrition solutions were sprayed on trees at two times (bud swell stage and green tip stage) in 2017–2018. Based on the obtained results, nutrient treatments especially 1% K2SO4+1% ZnSO4 and 2% K2SO4+1% ZnSO4 caused a significant increase in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Application of K2SO4 and ZnSO4 significantly affected concentrations of P, K, Mg, Zn, Mn and Fe in the leaves of ‘Chrokeh’ pistachio, whereas nutrient treatments had no significant effect on leaf concentration of N. Nutrient treatments especially 2% K2SO4+1% ZnSO4 led to significant increases in the fresh (up to 65%) and dry (up to 67%) yield when compared with the control trees. Moreover, nutrient applications had a significant effect on the percentage of splitting (an 11 % increase) and blankness (a 26% decrease). It can be concluded that foliar application of K and Zn fertilizers is necessary for obtaining better fruit yield and quality in pistachio.
David Kiprono Rutto; Elizabeth Omami; Julius Ochuodho; Lucas Ngode
Abstract
Production of Mrenda (Corchorus olitorius) in Kenya has been low due to various reasons, such as poor agronomic practices like incorrect fertilizer rates. Observations from the Mrenda growing areas showed that there is high unmet demand for crop in local market and even for export. This is due to yields ...
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Production of Mrenda (Corchorus olitorius) in Kenya has been low due to various reasons, such as poor agronomic practices like incorrect fertilizer rates. Observations from the Mrenda growing areas showed that there is high unmet demand for crop in local market and even for export. This is due to yields being low, 2-4 tons/ha as compared to expected yield of 5-8 tons/ha. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to discern effect of Nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of Mrenda (Corchorus olitorius) morphotypes. Seed samples were planted at two sites of University of Eldoret and Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organization, Kitale using Randomly Complete Block Design with three replicates and three levels of nitrate (Calcium nitrate) fertilizer. Five plants were tagged and the following traits were recorded: plant height, number of branching at main stem, number of pods and fresh leaf yield. Results showed highest N fertilizer rates had most effect exhibited by Morphotypes GT and BT on plants height; plant branching; pods number per plant and yield weight per plant respectively. Use of no N fertilizer caused lowest plant height, branching at main stem, pods and leaf weight per plant by Morphotypes GT and BT. It is concluded that Mrenda is N loving plant as it enhanced its growth when high amount of Nitrogen fertilizer was applied. It is recommended farmers use high N fertilizer for Mrenda production.
Elene Maghlakelidze; Zviad Bobokashvili; David Maghradze
Abstract
Plum local varieties and forms are widespread in all regions of Georgia. Despite the wide dissemination of this crop, the number of cultivars is not quite a lot. Due to this reason, study of cultivars has been carried out in a collection plot of the Scientific-Research Center of Agriculture, in village ...
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Plum local varieties and forms are widespread in all regions of Georgia. Despite the wide dissemination of this crop, the number of cultivars is not quite a lot. Due to this reason, study of cultivars has been carried out in a collection plot of the Scientific-Research Center of Agriculture, in village Jighaura. Eight plum (Prunus domestica L.) cultivars including: Amers, Bluefree, Chanchuri, Empresss, President, Stanley, Shaviqliavi, Tophit were used in this study. The following agronomic and biological characteristics were studied for the cultivars: calendar periods of phenological phases, pomological description of fruits, fruit chemical analysis and productivity. The results showed that average time of maturity was from 02.08. to 30.09. The average fruit yield in this trial for Empress and President Stanley cultivars was 88.4- 98.1 kg per tree. The weight of fruit ranged from 58.4 g to 26.2 g. The cultivars Tophit, Empresss and President contain the highest contents for soluble solid substance – respectively 14.23%, 12.81%, 12.64%. According to the obtained results, the following cultivars of plum can be chosen for further cultivation which can improve the local assortment of plum like Tophit and President (fresh production), Empress and Stanley (fresh/dry production). They are characterized by early starting production, high-productivity and high quality of fruits.
Mahmood Izadi; Elham Aslmoshtaghi
Abstract
The date palm bunch fading disorder/disease is one of the greatest challenges faced by date palm growers. In the present study, the effect of appropriate orchard management on some qualitative and quantitative features of date palm bunch was studied. For this purpose, two orchards of cv ‘Kabkab’ ...
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The date palm bunch fading disorder/disease is one of the greatest challenges faced by date palm growers. In the present study, the effect of appropriate orchard management on some qualitative and quantitative features of date palm bunch was studied. For this purpose, two orchards of cv ‘Kabkab’ with a history of previous incidence were selected in two districts of Bushehr province; Tangestan and Dashtestan. The orchards were divided into two parts; one as control and another as treated plants. On the treated part, some management practices such as plowing, leaf pruning, proper nutrition, regular irrigation, pollination, regulation of leaf-bunch ratio, thinning in pollination stage, control of weeds, pests and diseases were conducted scientifically while the control part was maintained with conventional local practices. During the treatment phase, all bunches in the Khalal stage were covered with a white cloth bag. The results from both treatment plots showed that proper orchard management can improve fruit yield (Dashtestan 52.2 kg tree-1, Tangestan 88.1 kg tree-1) and reduce the severity of symptoms and therefore reduce date palm bunch fading disorder.
Hamideh Mohammadi; Zahra Pakkish; Vahidreza Saffari
Abstract
Peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch.) is produced in most areas of Iran, where flowering is hindered by temperature. Using plant growth regulators to delay bloom is a suggestive measure to avoid frost damage. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic ...
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Peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch.) is produced in most areas of Iran, where flowering is hindered by temperature. Using plant growth regulators to delay bloom is a suggestive measure to avoid frost damage. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA) on peach bloom delay and yield. This study evaluated the applications of MJ 0 (control, water only), 100 and 200 mg L-1 and SA at 150 and 300 mg L-1 at swollen bud and green tip stages. In ‘Elberta’ peach, MJ at 200 mg L-1, its combinations with SA at 150 mg L-1 and MJ 200 mg L-1 and SA300 mg L-1 together at the two stages (green tip, swollen bud stages) delayed blooming for 6 and 8 days, respectively. The maturity and ripening of treated peach fruits were delayed for 8-12 days in green tip and swollen bud stage. Flowering percentage amount (57.83-61.80%), fruit set amount (22.59-23.53%) and yield (1.69-1.72 kg cm-2 branch) were increased by MJ 200 mg L-1 and SA300 mg L-1 treatments compared to the control treatment (flowering percentage amount (39.31%), fruit set amount (6.25%) and yield (0.82 kg cm-2 branch). The interactions of MJ and SA had more impacts on flowering (89.53%), fruit set (33.22%), fruit weight average (124.93 g), and yield (2.09 kg cm-2 branch)compared to their individual application. The present study was the first evidence for the SA and MJ effect on bloom delay, flowering and fruiting of peach.
