Mina Taghizadeh; Mohammad ali Arab; Mosa Solgi
Abstract
Yield quality and quantity in a hydroponic greenhouse usually relies on optimum crop root health and effective nutrient mobility. This study evaluated the effects of applying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar on different growth characteristics of commercial rose cultivars in a hydroponic cultivation ...
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Yield quality and quantity in a hydroponic greenhouse usually relies on optimum crop root health and effective nutrient mobility. This study evaluated the effects of applying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar on different growth characteristics of commercial rose cultivars in a hydroponic cultivation system. In this experiment, Rosa hybrida cultivars were ‘Anjelina’ and ‘Dolce Vita’. Treatments included concentrations of 0, 1.5, 3 and 6 g L-1 biochar, and 0 and 7 g L-1 of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as organic biofertilizers for the growth of rose plants. Biofertilization at 3 g L-1 biochar and 7 g L-1 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi optimally increased the flowering shoot diameter, flower diameter, flowering shoot length, and leaf phosphorus content. The ‘Dolce Vita’ cultivar responded more favorably to higher concentrations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and biochar than the ‘Angelina’ cultivar in the hydroponic culture medium. Stem diameter, stem length, and flower diameter in both cultivars improved by higher biochar concentrations. The increased flowering shoot length resulted from root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and increased nutrient uptake, especially phosphorus. A higher nutrient supply increased cell division and shoot growth.
Ebrahim Alami; Mahnaz Karimi; Vida Chalavi
Abstract
Water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) is one of the ten most invasive weed species in the world that is spread over most of the tropical and subtropical regions. Due to the environmental and economic concerns associated with spreading of the water hyacinth, control its distribution is important issue. ...
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Water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) is one of the ten most invasive weed species in the world that is spread over most of the tropical and subtropical regions. Due to the environmental and economic concerns associated with spreading of the water hyacinth, control its distribution is important issue. Water hyacinth can be used for composting and vermicomposting. In the present study, compost or vermicompost of water hyacinth was used as growing media for growing of lily plants (Longiflorum×Asiatic cv. ‘Nashville’). To do so, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with nine treatments and four replications. Treatments included peat moss + perlite (2:1 v/v) as control and 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of water hyacinth compost or vermicompost substitute for peat moss in control treatment. According to the obtained results, the tallest plants were observed in the control (55.50 cm) and 25% compost (55.25 cm) treatments. No significant difference was observed among 50, 75 and 100% compost and 25% vermicompost treatments. The highest number of open buds (3.50) was seen in 25% vermicompost. Results also showed that using 75% compost and 50% vermicompost increased nitrogen content of the leaf. Highest total phenol with 6.9 mg quer/g FW was recorded in 75% and 100% vermicompost. The maximum vase life (six days) was obtained in flowers grown in 25% vermicompost. In conclusion, water hyacinth compost or lower vermicompost percentages could be a substitute for peat as the growing media for lily plants.
Azizollah Khandan-Mirkohi; Elmira Rabiee; Behrouz Janipour; Ahmad Ahmadi
Abstract
Enrichment of zeolite and sponge as ethylene absorbent with potassium permanganate was theidea of this study to provide an efficient way to scavenge ethylene during storage period ofthree Rosa hybrida cv. ‘Shiraz’, ‘Avalanche’, and ‘After-party’ cut flowers. A preliminaryexperiment ...
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Enrichment of zeolite and sponge as ethylene absorbent with potassium permanganate was theidea of this study to provide an efficient way to scavenge ethylene during storage period ofthree Rosa hybrida cv. ‘Shiraz’, ‘Avalanche’, and ‘After-party’ cut flowers. A preliminaryexperiment revealed that two mL of potassium permanganate solution (1 mM) was enough toenrich two grams of zeolite and two cm3 of sponge. Additionally, one μL L-1 of externalethylene also found to be effective on induction of quality damage to certain cut flowers ofrose cultivars, which were selected for injection in each isolated container for furtherevaluations. The treatments used in this study included control (without absorbent), enrichedzeolite or sponge, enriched zeolite or sponge + ethylene (one μL L-1). The quality of flowers,weight, number of dropped petals, electrical conductivity of vase solution, ethyleneconcentration in the container and petal anthocyanins evaluated through/the end ofexperiment. Results revealed that change or reduction in the quality parameters were minor(more maintenance or stability of quality was achieved) with enriched zeolite and thenenriched sponge compared to the control. Enriched zeolite could even maintain the quality ofcut flowers at the level of control under external ethylene injection superior to enrichedsponge treatment. ‘Avalanche’ and ‘Shiraz’ cultivars figured as the most sensitive andresistant cultivars to the evaluated level of external ethylene concentration, respectively.
Esmaeil Chamani; Carol Wagstaff
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of different originated (the same mother plants with different growers from different cities in Ethiopia) cut rose flowers to various relative humidity (RH) and recut (recut and non-recut). Three different experiments (E1, E2 and E3) using three RH ...
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Experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of different originated (the same mother plants with different growers from different cities in Ethiopia) cut rose flowers to various relative humidity (RH) and recut (recut and non-recut). Three different experiments (E1, E2 and E3) using three RH (60, 75 and 90%) and three Ethiopian growing areas (Fleur, Liki and Longonot) with 10 replications were designed. Cut rose flowers from three growing area were recut to 5 cm and placed in 60, 75 and 90% RH as a commercial supply chain. Rose flowers without any recut were selected as control. Mean comparison in three experiments revealed that by increasing storage time in cold room, flower vase life significantly decreased. 75% RH produced the highest flower vase life compared to 60 and 90% RHs. However, mean comparisons showed that cut rose flowers originated from Liki growers significantly had the highest vase life compared to others which followed by Longonot and Fleur ones. The results revealed that 5 cm cut the end of flower stem significantly increased flower vase life compared to control. Mean comparison of bacterial populations in commercial supplies of the three experiments, declared the highest amount of bacteria in E1 than the other experiments. Cut rose flowers originated from Liki growers had the highest bacterial populations at the bottom part of the stem compared to the other growers. The results also showed that the end part of stems contain more bacterial agent compared to upper parts.
Fereshteh Kamiab; Sadegh Shahmoradzadeh Fahreji; Elahe Zamani Bahramabadi
Abstract
Increasing quality and vase life of cut flowers play vital role in flower production industry. . Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflora cv. Echo) has short vase life and it has been revealed that ethylene directly affect the initiation and process of senescence of petals. In this study, the effects of ...
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Increasing quality and vase life of cut flowers play vital role in flower production industry. . Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflora cv. Echo) has short vase life and it has been revealed that ethylene directly affect the initiation and process of senescence of petals. In this study, the effects of Silver and silicon nanoparticles with four concentrations of 0, 10, 20 and 40 mg L-1 with 4% sucrose as a support solution were evaluated on post-harvest life of ‘Cinderella Lime’ Lisianthus. The morphological and physiological parameters such as microbial population, flower vase life, relative fresh weight, solution uptake, total chlorophyll, ethylene and total dissolved solids were measured. Results revealed that all treatments extended the flower vase life when compared to control. The most effective treatment was the Highest concentration of nanoparticles (40 mg L-1). The average vase life of flowers was about 5 days in control (without any nano particle treatments) however; it reached to 17 days in flowers treated by 40 mg L-1 of both nanoparticles. Relative fresh weight, solution uptake, total chlorophyll, and total dissolved solids were also increased in the treated flowers, especially at higher concentrations. Microbial proliferations were not observed by application of both nanoparticles (Silver or Silicon) at 40 mg L-1 therefore this concentration was considered as the most effective level for both nanoparticles. Nano silver were more effective than silicon for reducing ethylene content. Overall the results suggest that silicon nanoparticle (40 mg L-1) is applicable as antimicrobial compound in combination with silver nanoparticles (40 mg L-1) as ethylene signaling inhibitor to increase the vase life of Lisianthus flowers commercially.
Nafiseh Geshnizjani; Morteza Khosh-khui
Abstract
Commercially available amino acids mixtures have several advantages such as enhancing assimilation of fertilizer, facilitating uptake of water and nutrients and improving photosynthesis of plants. To investigate the response of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonni L.) flowers ‘Saltino’ to foliar application ...
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Commercially available amino acids mixtures have several advantages such as enhancing assimilation of fertilizer, facilitating uptake of water and nutrients and improving photosynthesis of plants. To investigate the response of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonni L.) flowers ‘Saltino’ to foliar application of a mixture of 19 essential amino acids (0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 mg L-1) and ammonium nitrate (200 mg L-1) as nitrogen source, a pot experiment was carried out in the research greenhouse of Eram Botanical Garden of Shiraz University. Number of flowers, flower diameter, stems length, chlorophyll, proline, protein and nitrogen contents, photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, and vase life of flowers were significantly improved by amino acids treatments. No significant difference was observed between ammonium nitrate and amino acids mixture for flower fresh and dry weights. Results suggested that application of amino acids mixture can induce acetyl CoA, which plays an improvingrole in physiological processes in plants. Application of amino acids mixture as a promising and sustainable approach can be recommended to promote quality and quantity of gerbera flowers.
Seyed Hossein Mirdehghan; Zahra Aghamolaei
Abstract
Two experiments were designed to evaluate the addition of essential oils to preservative solution and subsequent effects on postharvest quality and vase life of Gladiolus ‘Sorati’ cut flowers. In first experiment, the solutions of savory (Satureja hortensis.), ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) ...
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Two experiments were designed to evaluate the addition of essential oils to preservative solution and subsequent effects on postharvest quality and vase life of Gladiolus ‘Sorati’ cut flowers. In first experiment, the solutions of savory (Satureja hortensis.), ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) were applied at the concentrations of 2, 4, and 6 (mg L−1), distilled water + 2% sucrose were considered as control treatment. In second experiment, the cut flowers pulsed with CaCl2 and AgNO3 for 1 h and then transferred to preservative solution contain 2 mg L-1 of savory, ajowan, thyme and distilled water (control). All cut flowers were kept at 25±2oC for 20 days and qualitative properties were evaluated during postharvest periods. Savory 2 mg L−1 exhibited as the most effective treatment for minimizing dehydration of the gladiolus cut flowers by enhancing the water absorption and flower weight rate than other treatments. The interaction of pulsing with CaCl2 and essential oils could maintain the quality of cut flowers.
Nafiseh Geshnizjany; Asghar Ramezanian; Morteza Khosh-Khui
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Nano-silver (NS), calcium chloride (CaCl2) and their combinations on Gerbera jamesonii ‘Carambole’ cut flowers. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 treatments and four replications, with three ...
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Nano-silver (NS), calcium chloride (CaCl2) and their combinations on Gerbera jamesonii ‘Carambole’ cut flowers. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 treatments and four replications, with three flowers in each replication. Treatments consisted of 5 mg L-1 NS, 1% and 2% CaCl2, 5 mg L-1 NS+ 1% CaCl2, 5 mg L-1 NS + 2% CaCl2, 0.1% and 0.2% CaCl2, 5 mg L-1 NS + 0.1% CaCl2, 5 mg L-1 NS + 0.2% CaCl2 and a control. It was revealed that CaCl2 postharvest spray, NS in a vase solution, as well as their combinations could significantly increase the vase life of gerbera flowers. The longest postharvest life of treated flowers was obtained from 5 mg L-1 NS and 5 mg L-1 NS + 1% CaCl2 treatments. The highest solution uptake was observed in 5 mg L-1 NS, 5 mg L-1 NS + 2% CaCl2 and 5 mg L-1 NS +1% CaCl2 treatments. Furthermore, application of NS and CaCl2 resulted in a reduced loss of relative fresh weight. The application of CaCl2 alone was able to increase all mentioned traits; however, this increase was less than 5 mg L-1 NS, 5 mg L-1 NS + 1% CaCl2 and 5 mg L-1 NS + 2% CaCl2 treatments. Additionally, in vitro cultivation and microscopic counting of microorganisms showed that microorganism growth at the end of flowering stems had been largely restricted by using NS solely or in combination with CaCl2.
Sonia Bahremand; Jamshid Razmjoo; Homaun Farahmand
Abstract
Tuberose (Polianthus tuberosa) is a commercially important cut flower; but its longevity and quality characteristics are compromised by stress during storage and transportation. Thus, it is important to determine the most appropriate preservative solution to best maintained cut flowers. Tests were done ...
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Tuberose (Polianthus tuberosa) is a commercially important cut flower; but its longevity and quality characteristics are compromised by stress during storage and transportation. Thus, it is important to determine the most appropriate preservative solution to best maintained cut flowers. Tests were done to examine the effects on of nano-silver (NS) (0, 15, 30 and 45 mg L-1) and sucrose (0, 4 and 8%) on the quality properties of fresh weight, relative water content, water uptake, total soluble solids, wilting percentage, flower opening and flower longevity. Results showed that averages of evaluations for flower longevity, open flower and stem diameter, fresh weight and relative water content increased under sucrose application and that those for while flower longevity, open flower and stem diameter, water uptake, fresh weight and relative water uptake were increased by NS application. However, applications of 4% sucrose or 45 mg L-1 NS treatments enhanced all measured parameters, with only a few exceptions. These parameters were further increased under the treatment of sucrose at 4% combined with 45 mg L-1 NS, suggesting that the quality of tuberose cut flowers can be improved by treatment with a combination of sucrose and NS.
