Malek Ghasemi; Mohammad Ali Shiri
Abstract
The current research applied four methods of supplementary pollination from male flowers of kiwifruit (cv. Tomori). These methods were open pollination, hand pollination, spray pollination with pure pollen, and spray pollination with impure pollen, collected from the entrance of bee hives at the time ...
Read More
The current research applied four methods of supplementary pollination from male flowers of kiwifruit (cv. Tomori). These methods were open pollination, hand pollination, spray pollination with pure pollen, and spray pollination with impure pollen, collected from the entrance of bee hives at the time of male kiwifruit flower opening and arranged in three replications in 2021. The fruits were harvestable after reaching the maturity stage (6.2 °Brix) and stored for 90 days at 0 °C. The results showed that kiwifruit decay (1.70%), weight loss (3.14%), total soluble solids (TSS) (149.62%), and TSS: titratable acidity (TA) ratio (TSS/TA) (333.04%) significantly (P≤0.01) increased during 90 days of cold storage. However, fruit firmness (38.24%), TA (42.10%), total chlorophyll (53.72%), carotenoid (18.65%), vitamin C (10.34%), flavonoid (12.87%), and antioxidant activity (13.29%) significantly decreased through storage time. Furthermore, total phenolic content (TPC) increased substantially after 30 days of cold storage but then decreased. Generally, fruits from vines sprayed with impure pollen had higher firmness, bioactive compounds, and sensory attributes. They had lower decay and less weight loss after 90 days of cold storage. Overall, spraying kiwifruit vines with impure pollen could be recommended as a practical supplementary pollination in kiwifruits, cv. Hayward, regarding postharvest quality maintenance.
Borzou Yousefi; Roya Karamian
Abstract
White savory (Satureja mutica Fisch.) is an oil-bearing plant with applications in traditional medicine, pharmaceutical industries, and food additives in homemade dishes. The current research comprised a greenhouse experiment in a factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design (CRD). It ...
Read More
White savory (Satureja mutica Fisch.) is an oil-bearing plant with applications in traditional medicine, pharmaceutical industries, and food additives in homemade dishes. The current research comprised a greenhouse experiment in a factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design (CRD). It included four salinity levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM NaCl), two salicylic acid (SA) levels (0 and 2 mM), and three replicates. By increasing the NaCl concentration, the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid significantly declined. Increasing NaCl up to 100 mM caused a significant increase in proline and soluble protein content. The amount of proline at 150 mM NaCl showed no significant change compared to 100 mM NaCl, but the soluble protein sharply decreased at 150 mM NaCl. The enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase significantly increased in response to higher NaCl concentrations. Saturated water deficiency increased significantly, and leaf fresh and dry weights decreased substantially at 100 and 150 mM NaCl. SA enhanced chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid content, and leaf fresh and dry weight, depending on the NaCl treatments. SA applications considerably boosted peroxidase and catalase activities despite the presence of NaCl at any concentration. Also, SA significantly improved superoxide dismutase activity at 50 and 100 mM NaCl but could not counter its decrease when the NaCl level was 150 mM. SA significantly reduced saturated water deficiency and proline content despite any of the NaCl treatments. SA mitigated the adverse effects of NaCl on S. mutica by improving antioxidant activity, photosynthetic pigments, and physiological characteristics.
Azadeh Pagard; Mohammad Rreza Zare-Bavani; Seyed Abdollah Eftekhari
Abstract
Boron deficiency is a prevalent challenge for plant nutrition supply in many alkaline/calcareous soils. The current research aimed to examine the effects of boron supply to bell pepper plants through fertigation and foliar application. The experiment had seven treatments, comprising a control group, ...
Read More
Boron deficiency is a prevalent challenge for plant nutrition supply in many alkaline/calcareous soils. The current research aimed to examine the effects of boron supply to bell pepper plants through fertigation and foliar application. The experiment had seven treatments, comprising a control group, boric acid as fertigation (0.5, 1, and 2 g L-1), and foliar application (0.5, 1, and 2 g L-1) with three replications in controlled greenhouse conditions. The treatments were applied on Lorca bell peppers in a completely randomized design. The results showed that fertigation and foliar application increased all measured characteristics compared to the control group. Increasing the boric acid concentration in foliar application caused a decrease in fruit count per plant, fruit fresh weight, fruit yield per plant, and fruit width. Both fertigation and foliar boric acid applications at a low level (0.5 g L-1) and as separate treatments caused the highest fruit weight, length, width, and fruit count per plant. Higher boric acid concentrations increased chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, leaf carotenoid content, soluble sugars, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, total phenols, and fruit ascorbic acid content. The highest chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, leaf carotenoid content, and fruit ascorbic acid were observed in response to the high concentration of boric acid foliar application (2 g L-1). Overall, the boron supplement as a foliar application (0.5 to 1 g L-1) or fertigation (0.5 to 1 g L-1) improved quantitative and qualitative performance in bell peppers.
Babak ValizadehKaji; Ahmadreza Abbasifar; Hossein Bagheri; Golnar Zandievakili; Atieh Daryabeigi
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the stenting (grafted cutting) propagation of commercial pomegranate cultivars as scions on drought tolerant genotypes as rootstocks. The effect of drought stress on nine pomegranate rootstocks was analyzed. Cultivars including ‘Daneshgah 13’, ‘Daneshgah ...
Read More
The objective of this study was to evaluate the stenting (grafted cutting) propagation of commercial pomegranate cultivars as scions on drought tolerant genotypes as rootstocks. The effect of drought stress on nine pomegranate rootstocks was analyzed. Cultivars including ‘Daneshgah 13’, ‘Daneshgah 32’ and ‘Daneshgah 8’ that were used as rootstocks showed the maximum drought tolerance among the studied cultivars; therefore, these three rootstocks were used to investigate the stenting propagation. Furthermore, three pomegranate cultivars including ‘Malas Saveh’, ‘Robab’ and ‘Bihasteh’ were used as scions. The highest percentage of graft success (58.88%) was obtained from grafting on ‘Daneshgah 13’. In addition, the highest percentage of graft success (84.22) was found in ‘Robab’. ‘Robab’ and ‘Malas Saveh’ had the longest shoot (11.50-11.93 cm) and highest shoot fresh weight (33.66-35.00 g) when grafted on ‘Daneshgah 13’. ‘Daneshgah 13’ had higher shoot dry weight (5.47 g) compared to the other rootstocks. Regarding the scion cultivars, ‘Robab’ and ‘Malas Saveh’ showed higher shoot dry weight (6.76-6.96 g) in comparison with ‘Bihasteh’. Using ‘Daneshgah 13’ as rootstock resulted in the highest content of chlorophyll a (18.11 mg/g), chlorophyll b (8.02 mg/g) and total chlorophyll (26.13 mg/g) in the scion leaves. ‘Robab’ and ‘Malas Saveh’ had highest content of chlorophyll a (18.11-18.33 mg/g), chlorophyll b (8.58-8.62 mg/g) and total chlorophyll (26.73-26.92 mg/g) among the scion cultivars. In all three rootstocks, a negative correlation was observed between the total phenolic content and the percentage of graft success. In addition, there was a negative correlation between the total phenolic content and the percentage of graft success in ‘Bihasteh’ scion.
